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LSO  ■  BRIEF  •  HISTORICAL  •  SKETCHES  '  OF  '  THE 

BUFFALO    •   FINE    •   ARTS    •   ACADEMY,  "   THE 

i  BUFFALO  •  SOCIETY  •  OF  •  NATURAL  •  SCIENCES, 


AND  ■  THE  •  BUFFALO  •  HISTORICAL  •  SOCIETY,  •  WHICH 
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Office  of  the  "Buffalo  Morning  Express." 
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HISTORICAL    SKETCH. 


IE  BUFFALO  LIBRARY  was  known  during  the  first  fifty 
years  of  its  life  as  the  Library  of  the  Young  Men's  Associa- 
tion, or,  in  common  speech,  as  tlie  Young  Men's  Library,  of 
Buffalo.  An  earlier  'Buffalo  Library'  —  a  little  village  collec- 
tion of  books,  about  seven  hundred  in  number  —  had  been 
formed  in  1816.  by  a  small  company  of  stockholders  who  held  together  until 
1832.  A  second  library  and  literary  society  was  organized  near  the  close  of 
1830,  under  the  name  of  the  Buffalo  Lyceum,  which  seemed  vigorous  for  a 
time  in  several  directions  of  activity,  but  which  had  no  long  existence.  It  was 
not  until  the  winter  of  1836  that  a  movement  with  some  really  lasting  energy 
in  it  was  set  on  foot,  and  resulted  in  the  organization  of  the  Young  Men's 
Association  of  the  city  of  Buffalo.  The  incidents  and  circumstances  of  that 
movement  were  investigated  carefully  by  the  late  Charles  D.  Norton,  when 
he  prepared  his  historical  address,  delivered  on  the  occasion  of  the  cele- 
bration of  the  twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  the  Association,  in  1861,  and  he 
wrote  :  '  If  it  were  necessary  to  state  the  names  of  the  men  who  deserve 
the  title  of  founders  of  this  Association,  it  could  only  be  said  that  the  gen- 
eral and  recognized  necessity  for  such  an  institution  induced  a  variety 
of    effort,    in    which    all    the    young    men    of    the    place    were    more    or    less 


8 

eno-ao-etl.  The  letters  furnished  to  me,  by  gentlemen  of  this  city,  render  it 
not  a  little  difficult  to  determine  whose  is  the  especial  honor,  but  tliey 
indicate  the  general  interest  taken  in  it  by  our  citizens.'  In  the  Commercial 
Advertiser  of  February  20,  1836,  Mr.  Norton  found  the  following  notice, 
signed  by  nearly  four  hundred  citizens,  'comprising  all  classes,  trades,  and 
professions' : 

Y.  M.  Association. —  The  young  men  of  Buffalo  friendly  to  the  founda- 
tion of  a  Young  Men's  Association  for  mutual  improvement  in  literature  and 
science,  are  requested  to  meet  at  the  Court  House  on  Monday,  the  22d  day 
of  February,  at  the  hour  of  7  P.  M. 

At  the  meeting  which  followed  this  notice,  Hon.  Hiram  Pratt  presided,  and 
Richard  L.  Allen  and  Isaac  W.  Skinner  were  secretaries.  A  constitution  had 
been  previously  prepared  at  the  office  of  Mr.  Seth  C.  Hawley,  copied  in 
a  great  degree  from  that  of  the  Young  Men's  Association  at  Albany,  which 
was  submitted  to  this  meeting  by  Mr.  Frederick  P.  Stevens.  After  some 
sharp  discussion  the  constitution  was  adopted,  and  an  adjournment  was  had 
to  the  29th  of  the  same  month,  that  the  constitution  might  be  examined 
and  subscribed.  On  the  adjourned  day  Mr.  Roswell  W.  Haskins  presided, 
Mr.  George  E.  Hayes  was  secretary,  and  a  committee  of  seven  was 
appointed  to  nominate  officers;  and,  with  Mr.  Henry  K.  Smith  and  Mr.  Dyre 
Tillinghast  acting  as  tellers,  the  persons  who  had  become  members  elected 
as  president  Seth  C.  Hawley ;  Dr.  Charles  Winne,  Samuel  N.  Callender, 
and  George  Brown  as  vice-presidents ;  Frederick  P.  Stevens,  corresponding 
secretary ;  A.  G.  C.  Cochrane,  recording  secretary ;  and  John  R.  Lee,  treas- 
urer. The  managers  chosen  were  Oliver  G.  Steele,  Henry  K.  Smith,  William 
H.  Lacy,  Geo.  W.  Allen,  Chas.  H.  Raymond,  Henry  R.  Williams,  George 
1'2.  Hayes,  Halsey  R.  Wing,  Rushmore  Poole,  and  Hunting  S.  Cham- 
berlain. 

In  1861,  Mr.  Norton  reported  all  the  members  of  this  first  board  of  man- 
agers living,  except  H.  K.  Smith,  William  H.  Lacy,  and  Henrj'  R.  Williams. 
At  the  present  writing  (March,  1887),  the  sole  survivor  of  the  entire 
board  of  original    officers    is    Mr.    John    R.   Lee,  its    treasurer. 

The  Association  came  into  existence  at  a  time  when  everybody  felt  rich. 
It    was   the    year    of    bubbles    in    land    speculation    which    preceded    the    great 


9 

collapse  of  1837.  A  subscription  that  ran  up  to  $6,700  in  amount  was 
raised  with  astonishing  ease  to  give  the  new  library  a  solid  footing.  The 
books  of  the  old  Buffalo  Library  and  of  the  Lyceum  were  transferred  to 
it,  considerable  purchases  were  made  under  a  contract  with  the  Messrs. 
Butler,  and  2,700  volumes  in  all  were  collected  before  the  end  of  the  year. 
The  chief  feature  of  the  institution,  however,  was  its  newspaper  reading- 
room,  where  six  quarterly,  ten  monthly  and  forty-four  weekly  publications 
were  on  file,  and  which  boasted  of  being  the  completes!  in  any  city  west 
of    New-York. 

The  financial  crash  of  1837  swept  many  imagined  fortunes  out  of  exist- 
ence, and  with  them  a  great  part  of  the  small  endowment  which  the 
library  was  supposed  to  have  secured  in  tlie  subscriptions  alluded  to  above. 
Its  membership  fell  away,  it  was  weighted  with  some  debt  which  it  had 
contracted  too  hopefully,  and  for  half-a-dozen  years,  or  more,  it  struggled 
doubtfully  and  hard  between  life  and  death.  But  there  was  pluck  in  the 
young  men  of  those  days,  and  a  Spartan  band  among  them  stood  fast  by 
the  Association  through  all  difficulties  until  the  coming  of  more  prosperous 
times.  Not,  however,  until  1845,  i^mder  the  presidency  of  Mr.  Gibson  T. 
Williams,  was  it  cleared  of  debt  and  fairly  launched   upon  its  successful  career. 

The  original  rooms  of  the  Association  were  on  the  upper  floors  of  the 
building  then  owned  by  Mr.  Joseph  Dart,  numbered  175  Main  street,  now 
numbered  219,  being  three  doors  below  Seneca  street.  Mr.  B.  W.  Jenks,  a 
portrait  painter,  occupied  adjoining  rooms  and  became  nominally  the  first 
librarian  by  reason  of  that  circumstance,  undertaking  to  overlook  the  library 
while  pursuing  his  own  work.  In  reality,  the  functions  of  the  first  libra- 
rian were  performed  by  Mr.  J.  F.  Young,  of  Williamsville,  then  a  lad  taking 
lessons  in  art  from  Mr.  Jenks,  and  to  whom  the  latter  delegated  the  care 
of  the  neighboring  books  and  newspapers.  Subsequently,  the  post  was 
accepted  by  Dr.  Charles  H.  Raymond,  who  had  been  prominent  among 
the  founders  of  the  library  and  foremost  in  activity  of  effort  to  sustain  it. 
The  labor  that  he  assumed,  said  Mr.  Norton,  speaking  in  1861,  and 
the  patience  he  displayed  under  great  discouragements,  and  the  resolution 
with  which  he  persisted  in  his  unrewarded  toil,  assign  to  him  a  place  among 
its  chief  benefactors.  He  was  a  ripe  and  good  scholar,  and  had  all  a 
scholar's    modesty.       Dr.    Raymond    served    as    librarian    until    some    time    in 


10 

i839>  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Phineas  Sargeant,  who  remained  at 
the    desk    until    1850. 

In  May,  1841,  the  Association  removed  to  South  Division  street,  in 
rooms  over  the  shops  now  numbered  15  and  16,  the  Hbrary  being  at  one 
side  of  the  stairway,  while  a  small  lecture  room  was  fitted  up  on  the 
other  side.  These  rooms  became  inadequate  and  unsuitable  before  many 
years  had  passed.  The  first  movement  which  the  discontent  with  them 
engendered  took  the  form  of  a  building  project,  and  in  1848  the  under- 
taking was  very  seriously  set  on  foot.  It  went  so  far  that  a  building 
committee,  having  the  matter  in  charge,  bought  a  lot  of  ground  for  the 
purpose,  48  feet  front  by  91  feet  deep,  on  the  north  side  of  Eagle  street, 
between  Main  and  Pearl  streets,  for  $3,000.  This  was  done,  however,  on 
their  individual  responsibility.  They  procured  plans  and  specifications,  con- 
templating a  structure  which  would  cost  from  $8,000  to  $12,000.  They 
secured  the  passage  of  an  act  authorizing  the  Association  to  borrow  $15,000 
on  its  bonds,  and  they  invited  subscriptions  from  citizens  in  aid  of  the 
project.  An  elegant  blank-book,  richly  bound  in  Russia  leather,  with  an 
inscription  upon  the  side :  '  Building  subscriptions.  Young  Men's  Associa- 
tion, 1848,'  is  still  preserved  among  the  archives  of  the  library.  But,  alas! 
its  inviting  white  leaves  have  no  stain  of  ink.  Not  an  autograph  is  found 
in    it. 

The  premature  building  project  came  to  naught ;  but  it  had  its  effect, 
without  doubt,  in  stimulating  a  movement  to  the  American  Block,  which 
took  place  in  1852.  American  Hall  was  leased,  with  commodious  rooms 
for  the  library  underneath,  and  the  circumstances  as  well  as  the  situation  of 
the  Association  were  greatly  improved.  The  hall  became  a  source  of  con- 
siderable income ;  the  annual  lecture  courses  grew  more  popular  and  profit- 
able ;  membership  increased  and  the  course  of  advancing  prosperity  was 
generally   smoothed. 

Meantime,  in  1850,  failing  health  hatl  caused  the  resignation  of  Mr. 
Phineas  Sargeant  from  the  librarianship  and  Mr.  Lewis  Jenkins  succeeded 
to  him.  But  a  few  months  after  the  removal  in  1S52  Mr.  Jenkins  resigned, 
in   his    turn,  and    Mr.   William    Ives   was    appointed    in    his    place. 

A  period  of  twelve  uneventful  years  followed,  tluring  wliich  the  Association 
and    its    library    gained    slowly    but    steadily    in    strength    and    character.       As 


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early  as  1856  we  begin  to  find  complaint  again  in  the  annual  reports  of 
insufficient  room  for  new  books,  and  the  talk  of  building  reappears.  The 
late  George  Palmer  gave  encouragement  to  the  scheme  that  year  by  a 
munificent  proposition.  He  offered  to  present  to  the  Association  a  lot  of 
land  valued  at  $12,000,  with  $10,000  in  money  additional,  provided  that 
$90,000  more  should  be  raised  from  other  sources  for  an  adequate  building. 
The  condition  could  not  be  fulfilled  and  the  offered  gift  was  lost.  Next 
year  the  business  world  was  strewn  with  the  ruins  of  a  financial  earthquake. 
A  little  later  came  the  political  agitations  which  preceded  the  civil  war,  and 
then  the  war  itself.  There  was  little  use  in  that  period  of  talking  or 
thinking  about  anything  better  for  the  library  than  the  quarters  which  it 
had  outgrown.  Some  growth  went  on,  despite  the  tumult  and  despite  the 
crowding.  Just  when  the  guns  at  Sumter  were  being  trained  to  fire  their 
war  signal,  on  the  evening  of  the  2 2d  of  March,  1861,  the  Association 
celebrated  its  quarter-centennial  anniversary  with  stately  ceremony  and  fine 
enthusiasm.  The  exercises,  held  in  St.  James  Hall,  were  notably  interest- 
ing. Mr.  David  Gray  read  a  very  noble  poem,  the  strains  of  which  are 
still  lingering  in  the  memory  of  those  who  heard  it.  Mr.  Charles  D. 
Norton  delivered  the  historical  address  which  has  been  quoted  from  above. 
Other  addresses  were  made  by  Joseph  Warren,  then  president  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, Hon.  J.  G.  Masten,  Hon.  William  Dorsheimer  and  Mr.  Edward 
Stevens,    with    interludes    of    music,  both    vocal    and    instrumental. 

These  exercises  were  found  so  interesting  and  awakened  so  much  life 
in  the  Association  that  something  of  like  character  was  planned  for  the 
next  annual  meeting,  held  February  17,  1862.  Again  Mr.  Gray  contributed 
a  memorable  poem,  while  the  late  Judge  Clinton  delivered  an  admirable 
address,   retrospective    of   events    in    the    general    history    of   the    city. 

Meantime,  even  amid  the  agitations  of  war,  there  occurred  a  revival  of 
the  dormant  building  project.  It  came  to  life  in  connection  with  the 
acceptance  by  the  city  of  Buffalo  of  the  bequest  which  founded  the  Grosvenor 
Library.  Immediate  efforts  were  set  on  foot  to  bring  about  a  co-operative 
building  undertaking  looking  to  the  permanent  planting  of  the  two  libraries 
side  by  side.  The  original  trustees  of  the  Grosvenor  Library,  Messrs.  O. 
H.  Marshall,  George  R.  Babcock,  and  J.  G.  Masten,  were  found  to  be  favor- 
able   to    the    scheme.       In    the    beginning    it  contemplated    the    acquisition,  by 


12 

gift  from  the  city,  of  the  old  Mohawk  street  market-ground,  (now  the  site 
of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  building,)  to  be  divided  between 
the  Young  Men's  Association  and  the  Grosvenor  Library,  each  to  build 
upon  its  own  part,  but  the  contiguous  buildings  to  be  one  in  external  unit)-. 
The  undertaking  looked  hopeful  for  a  time  ;  then  came  various  difficulties. 
Adjacent  lots  which  were  needed  could  not  be  reasonably  bought,  and  some 
opposition  to  the  Mohawk  street  location  was  found  to  exist.  This  was 
in  1862,  when  the  war  was  at  a  gloomy  crisis  and  national  affairs  were  in  a 
doubtful  state.  Yet,  the  executive  committee  of  that  year,  with  Gen.  R. 
L.  Howard  at  the  head,  were  undaunted  and  persevering.  They  procured 
building  subscriptions  to  an  amount  exceeding  $10,000.  They  invited  pro- 
posals for  suitable  building  sites  and  reported  nine  offers,  which  were  taken 
into  consideration.  One  of  these,  which  was  for  a  lot  of  ground  on  Main 
street,  above  Huron,  and  opposite  the  North  Church,  gave  so  much  satis- 
faction that  the  president,  Gen.  Howard,  bought  the  property  in  his  own 
name  to  secure  it.  The  lot  on  the  northerly  side  of  Eagle  street,  front- 
ing fifty-three  feet  on  Main  street  and  running  to  Washington  street,  was 
also*  proposed,  Mr.  S.  V.  R.  Watson,  who  owned  a  half  interest  in  the 
property,  offering  to  make  his  interest  a  gift  ;  .  but  negotiations  with  owners 
of  the  adjacent  ground  to  secure  some  necessary  addition  of  space  were  not 
successful. 

So  the  building  project  went  over  to  the  next  year  (1863),  when  Mr. 
.S.  V.  R.  Watson  became  president  of  the  Association.  Again  there  were 
many  plans  and  many  sites  discussed,  and  several  conferences  w^ere  held  by 
the  building  committee  with  the  trustees  of  the  Grosvenor  Library  and 
delegates  from  the  Fine  Arts  Academy,  the  Historical  Society,  and  the 
Society  of  Natural  Sciences.  The  result  was  the  provisional  adoption  of  a 
'  plan  contemplating  the  union  of  all  the  societies  and  the  Grosvenor  Library 
in  the  erection  of  a  suitable  building  for  their  general  accommodation,  a 
specific  part  to  be  appropriated  to  each  society,  and  the  title  of  the  premises 
to  be  vested  in  the  Young  Men's  Association,  except  such  part  thereof  as 
should  be  occupied  by  the  Grosvenor  Library.'  But  subsequently  the  Fine 
Arts  Academy  and  Historical  Society  demanded  modifications  of  the  plan 
which  the  executive  committee  of  the  Y.  M.  A.  '  deemed  it  would  be 
unwise   for   this    Association    to    adopt    and    it    was    thereafter   abandoned.' 


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13 

But,  immediately  on  this,  followed  a  movement  which  proved  brilliantly 
successful,  and  which  placed  the  library  on  sure  ground  for  all  time,  as 
we  may  reasonably  believe.  President  Watson  opened  negotiations  with 
Messrs.  Albert  and  George  Brisbane  for  the  purchase  of  the  premises  on 
Main,  Eagle  and  Washington  streets,  known  as  the  St.  James  Hotel  and 
St.  James  Hall.  Before  the  year  closed,  an  agreement  had  been  signed 
which  secured  three  months'  time  for  concluding  the  purchase  of  these 
premises  at  the  price  of  $112,500.  Within  the  stipulated  three  months, 
which  expired  March  26,  1864,  a  building  fund  amounting  to  $81,655  was 
raised  by  subscription  among  the  members  and  friends  of  the  Association, 
in  sums  which  ranged  from  $5  to  $3,000,  and  the  purchase  of  the  St.  James 
Hotel  and  Hall  property  was  duly  consummated.  A  mortgage  to  the  Erie 
County  savings  bank  for  $50,000  provided  money  for  the  completion  of 
payments  to  the  Messrs.  Brisbane,  and  for  the  alterations  required  to  be 
made  in  the  premises.  Possession  of  the  hotel  was  secured  September  i, 
and  the  necessary  changes  of  interior  construction  were  so  speedily  made 
that  the  library  was  formally  installed  in  its  new  home  on  the  loth  day  of 
January,  1865.  The  occasion  was  distinguished  by  addresses  from  president 
Watson  and  from  the  late  Oliver  G.  Steele,  and  by  another  poem  from  the 
pen  of  David  Gray.  It  was  the  one,  well  remembered  among  Buffalonians, 
in  which  he  paid  his  tender  tribute  to  the  brave  McMahon,  telling  '  How 
the    young    Colonel    died.' 

In  the  reconstructed  hotel  building,  the  Association  occupied  the  second 
floor  with  its  library  and  reading-rooms,  well  accommodated.  On  the  third, 
fourth  and  fifth  Boors  suitable  rooms  were  prepared  for  the  Fine  Arts 
Academy,  the  Historical  Society  and  the  Society  of  Natural  Sciences,  under 
an  arrangement  that  was  liberal  in  its  terms.  Soon  afterwards  the 
Grosvenor  Library,  then  just  beginning  its  collection  of  books,  the  Law 
Library,  also  in  the  infant  stage,  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association, 
the  Young  Men's  Catholic  Association,  the  Erie  County  Medical  Society 
and  the  Firemen's  Benevolent  Association  were  all  given  habitations  in 
the  hospitable  building  at  moderate  rates  of  rent.  The  Grosvenor  Library 
was  presently  removed  to  other  quarters,  and  several  of  the  societies  named 
were    tenants    for  a    few    years    only. 

Four    large    stores    on    the    ground    floor    of    the    building,    and    St.    James 


14 

Hall  at  the  rear,  on  Eagle  and  Washington  streets,  were  leased  on  satis- 
factory   terms,    and    brought    in    a    handsome    rental. 

The  Association  was  now  very  happy  in  its  circumstances.  Its  library 
was  well  placed,  with  convenient  arrangements  and  with  space  for  a  con- 
siderable growth.  Its  reading-rooms  were  commodious  and  pleasant.  It 
had  advanced  in  public  favor  and  its  membership  increased.  Its  property, 
ably  managed  by  three  real-estate  commissioners,  yielded  revenues  which 
extinguished  the  mortgage  debt  upon  it  within  thirteen  years.  At  the 
same  time  the  library  enjoyed  more  liberal  appropriations  for  books  than 
had  been  possible  before.  Yet  the  accumulation  of  books  was  soon  thought 
to  be  proceeding  too  slowly,  and  in  1869,  under  the  presidency  of  Mr. 
Henry  A.  Richmond,  a  special  fund  for  immediate  purchases  was  provided 
by  an  issue  of  bonds.  This  gave  to  the  library  committees  of  the  fol- 
lowing two  years  nearly  $19,000  for  expenditure,  and  the  total  of  books 
was  raised  from  about  16,000  in  1870,  to  25,000  in  1872,  while  a  full  and 
excellent  catalogue  was  prepared  and  printed,  supplying  a  want  that  had 
been   urgent   for   many   years. 

The  five  years  next  following  were  not  eventful  in  the  life  of  the 
Association;  but  in  1877  an  important  amendment  of  its  constitution  was 
brought  into  effect.  The  object  of  the  amendment  was  to  cure  the  evil 
influence  upon  the  library  of  an  annual  change  in  its  administrative  com- 
mittees. Thereafter,  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  library  was  entrusted 
to  three  '  curators,'  one  elected  each  year,  with  two  other  members  of  the 
executive  committee,  appointed  annually,  forming  a  library  committee ;  while 
the  twelve  directors  in  the  executive  committee  were  elected,  four  annually, 
for   terms    of    three   years    each. 

Soon  afterwards,  a  change  was  made  in  the  working  organization  of  the 
library  by  creating  the  office  of  superintendent,  Mr.  J.  N.  Larncd  being 
appointed  to  the  place  and  entering  upon  its  duties  in  April,  1877.  Dur- 
ing that  year  and  the  following  one,  the  library,  which  contained  about 
30,000  volumes  at  the  beginning  of  the  work,  was  reclassified  and  rearranged 
throughout  on  what  is  known  as  the  'movable  system,'  or  'system  of  relative 
location '    for   books,  and    a    new  card    catalogue   was    made    for   the  whole. 

By  the  final  extinction  of  the  mortgage  debt  of  the  Association,  at  the 
beginning    of     1878,    a    more    continuous    liberality    of    appropriations    for    the 


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purchase  of  books  was  introduced  from  that  date.  Yet  the  total  book 
expenditure  of  the  succeeding  ten  years  barely  equalled  that  of  the  preced- 
ing decade,  owing  to  the  large  extra  fund  that  had  been  raised  and  applied 
in  1S71  and  1872.  In  the  ten  years  1868-1877,  21,498  volumes  of  books 
were  added  to  the  library,  and  $37,200  expended.  In  the  ten  years  1878- 
1887,  29,224  volumes  were  added,  and  the  expenditure  was  $37,139.  This 
accelerated  growth  soon  crowded  the  library  shelves  and  forced  extensions 
and  changes  of  arrangement  that  were  found  every  year  more  inconvenient 
and  troublesome.  At  the  same  time,  with  the  increasing  value  of  the 
collection  of  books,  an  increasing  desire  was  felt  to  see  it  more  safely 
housed.  Hence  arose  often  recurring  demands  for  the  construction  of  a 
fire-proof  library  building.  Attention  had  long  been  fixed  upon  the  ground 
occupied  by  the  old  county  buildings,  vacated  in  1876  (Washington, 
Broadway,  Ellicott  and  Clinton  streets),  as  offering  the  most  desirable  site, 
and  several  movements  to  secure  the  property  were  made,  but  with  no 
result.  In  1880  there  was  serious  talk  of  purchasing  the  old  Unitarian 
Church,  at  the  corner  of  Franklin  and  Eagle  streets,  and  converting  it 
into  a  fire-proof  structure  for  the  library.  Plans  and  estimates  for  the 
work  were  procured  and  considered,  but  the  project  did  not  meet  with 
favor  and  was  dropped.  The  suggested  fire-proof  reconstruction  of  the  old 
church  building  was  afterwards  carried  out  by  the  Austin  estate  for  business 
purposes. 

In  the  autumn  of  1882  a  movement  by  various  parties  to  bring  about  the 
sale  of  the  county  property  mentioned  above  showed  strong  influence  in  the 
Board  of  Supervisors,  and  it  appeared  probable  that  the  fine  site  in  question 
would  soon  pass  to  private  owners  and  be  turned  to  some  not  very  digni- 
fied commercial  use.  Hon.  Sherman  S.  Rogers  and  Hon.  James  M.  Smith, 
conversing  on  the  subject  one  morning,  resolved  suddenly  to  rescue  from  that 
ignoble  fate  a  piece  of  ground  which  seemed  conspicuously  designed  for  a 
worthy  public  edifice.  They  found  seven  other  gentlemen  to  join  them  in 
forming  a  syndicate  composed  as  follows :  Sherman  S.  Rogers,  James  M. 
Smith,  Sherman  S.  Jewett,  Francis  H.  Root,  Charles  Berrick,  O.  P.  Ramsdell, 
Dexter  P.  Rumsey,  Pascal  P.  Pratt,  Geo.  Howard.  These  gentlemen,  without 
delay,  submitted  proposals  to  the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  the  purchase  of  the 
ground    in    question,   under  agreement  to   transfer  the   same    at  any  time  within 


16 

twelve  months  to  any  one  or  more  of  several  societies  and  institutions  named, 
which  mijjht  determine  to  buy  and  build  upon  the  site.  Their  proposal  was 
accepted  and   the  conveyance  of    the   property  was    duly   made  to   them. 

The  public  spirit  of  the  city  was  now  challenged  to  make  use  of  the 
opportunity  thus  secured.  It  was  felt  that  the  stipulated  year  must  not  be 
suffered  to  pass  without  determining  an  undertaking  in  some  mode  to  cover 
the  site  worthily,  and  to  gather  there,  if  possible,  under  one  stately  roof,  the 
representative  institutions  of  art,  science,  and  literature.  The  Young  Men's 
Association  was  looked  to  for  leadership  in  the  enterprise.  At  the  next  elec- 
tion of  the  Association,  in  February,  1883,  Mr.  Edward  B.  Smith  was  chosen 
president,  distinctly  with  a  view  to  enlisting  his  known  energy  and  resolute- 
ness. Under  Mr.  Smith's  command  the  campaign  was  soon  opened.  The 
trustees  of  the  Grosvenor  Library  and  the  citizen's  committee,  or  syndicate, 
which  held  the  old  court-house  property,  joined  the  ofificers  of  the  Association 
in   sending  out    to   prominent   citizens  an    invitation  phrased   as   follows : 

A  meeting  of  gentlemen  will  be  held  at  8  o'clock  on  Wednesday  even- 
ing, April  iStli,  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  Sherman  S.  Jewett,  for  the  purpose 
of  consultation  respecting  plans  for  the  improvement  of  the  old  court-house 
lands,  with  a  view  to  establishing  the  important  art,  litcraiy,  and  scientific 
institutions  of  the  city  in  a  suitable  edifice  upon  that  most  central  and  com- 
manding site. 

We  are  permitted  by  Mr.  Jewett  to  invite  to  this  conference  a  few  of  the 
prominent  citizens  most  likely  to  feel  interest  in  the  matter,  and  such  invi- 
tation is  respectfully  extended  to  you.  It  is  hoped  you  will  not  fail  to  be 
present. 

The  meeting  was  largely  attended  and  gave  a  powerful  impetus  to  the 
undertaking  by  its  encouraging  spirit.  Mr.  Smith  submitted  a  plan  of  pro- 
ceeding, which  contemplated  the  co-operation  of  the  Grosvenor  Library  with 
the  Young  Men's  Association  in  the  erection  of  a  building,  or  of  two  build- 
ings which  might  be  substantially  one  in  design,  to  accommodate  not  only 
themselves,  but  likewise  the  Fine  Arts  Academy,  the  Historical  Society  and 
the  Society  of  Natural  Sciences;  the  Young  Men's  Association  to  raise  for 
the  purpose  about  $175,000,  by  bonds  and  otherwise,  the  Grosvenor  Library 
to  expend  its  accumulated  building  fund  of  $65,000,  and  $100,000  or  $125,000 
additional    to    be    procured    by    private    subscriptions    from    the    friends    of    the 


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17 

enterprise.  The  plan  was  gcncrall)'  approved  by  the  meeting,  and  resolu- 
tions were  adopted  which  recommended  the  Association  to  enter  upon  the 
proposed  undertaking  w^ith  vigor,  and  at  once.  After  the  adjournment  a 
subscription  book  was  opened  and  headed  with  the  signatures  of  Sherman  S. 
Jewett    and    Sherman    S.    Rogers,  with    $5,000   attached    to    each. 

P'rom  this  auspicious  beginning  the  subscription  was  pushed  actively,  but 
did  not  advance  with  the  rapidity  that  might  have  been  expected.  The  ist 
of  December  found  some  $30,000  still  wanting  to  make  up  the  $100,000  which 
the  terms  of  the  subscription  required  to  be  raised  before  the  end  of  that 
month.  The  prospect  was  discouraging,  and  not  many  men  would  have 
confronted  it  with  the  determination  shown  by  president  Smith.  He  had 
no  thought  of  relinquishing  the  undertaking.  Having  apparently  exhausted 
the  subscriptions  in  large  sums,  or  nearly  so,  he  turned  to  the  whole  mem- 
bership of  the  Association,  and  to  the  public  at  large,  v\'ilh  a  strong  appeal 
for  contributions  of  any  and  every  amount  within  the  means  of  the  con- 
tributor. The  response  to  this  appeal  was  surprising.  A  single  week 
changed  the  whole  aspect  of  affairs.  For  sums  ranging  all  the  way  from 
$1.00  to  $500,  subscriptions  in  amazing  numbers  were  poured  in,  and  the 
total  footing  reached  and  passed  $100,000  some  days  before  the  close  of 
the  month.  The  final  result  was  a  building-fund  subscription  which  aggre- 
gated   about    $117,000,    nearly    all    of   which    proved    eventually   to    be   good. 

The  undertaking  was  now  assured,  and  attention  was  promptly  turned  to 
the  procuring  of  satisfactory  designs  and  plans  for  the  nascent  edifice.  The 
superintendent  of  the  library  was  deputed  to  visit  several  eastern  cities,  to 
confer  with  leading  architects  and  to  study  the  construction  and  arrange- 
ments of  the  best  library  buildings.  By  the  concurrent  action  of  the  executive 
committee  and  the  board  of  real  estate,  a  building  committee  of  five  was 
appointed,  to  which  large  powers  were  delegated,  for  the  supervision  and 
direction  of  the  contemplated  work.  The  committee  was  constituted  as 
follows :  Edward  B.  Smith,  chairman,  Jewett  M.  Richmond,  John  G.  Milburn, 
George  B.    Hayes,  J.   N.    Larned. 

The  first  proceeding  of  the  building  committee  was  to  open  conferences 
and  correspondence  with  the  trustees  of  the  Grosvenor  Library  and  with 
the  managing  boards  of  the  Fine  Arts  Academy,  the  Society  of  Natural 
Sciences,    and    the    Historical    Society.       It    was    soon    found    that    the    trustees 


i8 

of  the  Grosvenor  Library  entertained  views  respecting  the  division  of  cost 
and  of  accommodations  between  the  two  libraries,  and  consequent  plans  of 
building,  which  differed  so  radically  from  the  views  held  on  the  side  of  the 
Association  that  no  possible  reconciliation  of  them  could  be  hoped  for. 
All  attempts,  therefore,  to  arrange  a  co-operative  enterprise  were  abandoned, 
and  the  Association  addressed  itself  independently  to  the  work.  Little 
difificulty  was  found  in  arriving  at  an  understanding  with  the  three  other 
societies  expecting  to  be  tenants  of  the  building  when  completed.  It  was 
agreed  with  the  Fine  Arts  Academy  that  rooms  and  sky-lighted  galleries 
to  cover  not  less  than  a  certain  designated  area  on  the  second  floor  should 
be  provided  '  for  its  uncontrolled  use,  during  whatever  period  it  may  choose 
to  occupy  the  same  as  an  art-gallery,  free  of  any  rent-charge,  but  subject 
only  to  the  conditions  that  it  shall  maintain  the  said  portion  of  the  build- 
ing in  proper  repair  and  that  it  shall  pay  its  proportion  of  the  cost  of 
warming  the  building.'  With  the  Historical  Society  and  the  Society  of 
Natural  Sciences  the  agreement  was  for  a  tenancy  on  similar  terms,  but 
limited  to  twenty-five  years  in  duration,  after  which  time,  or  earlier  if  the 
premises  in  question  should  be  vacated,  '  the  Association  may  reclaim  the 
same.'  Rooms  for  the  Historical  Society  were  to  be  not  less  than  4,500 
square  feet  in  area,  on  the  third  floor,  and  those  for  the  Society  of  Natural 
Sciences   in    the    basement,    10,000  square    feet    in    area   at    the    least. 

Meantime  —  and  long  previously,  in  fact — careful  studies  were  being  made 
to  determine  the  form  of  building  and  the  arrangement  of  lloor  plans 
that  would  seem  to  satisfy  the  wants  of  the  library  and  the  demands 
of  the  associated  group  of  institutions  in  the  most  perfect  way.  The 
peculiar  trapezoidal  lot  of  ground  to  be  built  upon  offered  difficulties  and 
advantages,  in  equal  measure,  perhaps,  and  made  the  problem  interesting. 
As  the  fruit  of  these  studies,  a  set  of  floor-plan  sketches  was  prepared,  by 
way  of  suggestion  to  the  architects  who  might  undertake  to  submit  designs 
for   the    building.       (See    opposite    page.) 

The  architects  of  the  city  were  all  invited  to  offer  competitive  designs, 
and  the  same  invitation  was  extended  to  thirteen  architects  in  other  cities. 
The  middle  of  April  had  been  reached  before  these  invitations  were  sent 
out.  To  each  architect  invited  there  was  sent  a  copy  of  the  suggested 
floor  plans  mentioned  above,  together  with   a  printed   circular  which  described. 


SUGGESTED    FLOOR-PLANS 


Sent  to  Competing  Architects  April  i6,  18S4 


BEADINO  ROOM        U'MW>J        Tj    •      CATALOGUES 


{  OFFICE 


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FIRST  FLOOR  PLAN 


FOR  LIBRARY  AND  ART-GALLERY 


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V.M.A. 
Co*T  u  EXECUTIVE 

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SECOND  FLOOR  PLAN 


20 

in  full  detail,  all  the  wants  to  be  satisfied  and  all  the  conditions  to  be  met 
in  the  construction  and  arrangements  of  the  building.  '  The  accompanying 
sketches,'  it  was  said,  'are  only  intended  to  indicate  in  a  more  graphic 
way  than  can  be  done  by  any  description  the  main  features  of  arrangement 
that  we  seek  to  obtain  in  the  proposed  building.  They  are  offered  merely 
as  the  result  of  studies  made  by  those  who  are  best  acquainted  with  the 
problems  involved,  but  who  are  anxious  that  the  invention  of  architects 
shall  be  exercised  upon  the  same  problems  without  trammel  or  bias  from 
these   suggestions.' 

With  reference  to  the  important  matter  of  the  storage  arrangement  of 
books  in  the  library,  the  specifications  of  the  circular  were  precise.  It 
called  for  'a  book-room,  or  rooms,  capable  of  containing  200,000  to  250,000 
volumes.  In  estimating  capacity  of  book-rooms  the  calculation  is  to  be  10 
volumes  to  the  running  foot  of  shelf  measure.  Cases  or  stacks  for  books 
to  be  framed  of  iron,  18  inches  through,  and  placed  not  less  than  2  feet 
8  inches  apart.  Unless  there  are  objections  found,'  said  the  circular,  'which 
we  do  not  now  foresee,  our  preference  is  for  a  modified  form  of  the 
book-stack  system,  as  adopted  in  the  library  of  Harvard  University;  so 
modified,  that  is,  that  the  stacks  shall  not  be  raised  above  two  stages  or 
tiers  of  7  feet  each  in  height,  and  that  there  shall  be,  say,  7  clear  feet  of 
air  space  between  the  top  of  the  stack  and  the  ceiling  of  the  room,  thus 
permitting  a  third  stage  to  be  added  in  the  future  if  desired.  .  .  .  The 
shelves  to  be  in  equal  sections  of  three  feet  length.  The  arrangement 
for  light  to  be  carefully  considered  with  reference  to  the  long  and  narrow 
spaces    into   which    it   must    penetrate.' 

The  limit  of  time  named  for  receiving  designs  was  July  ist.  At  the 
appointed  date  eleven  architects  were  found  to  have  submitted  designs  to 
the  committee,  but  anonymously,  as  was  prescribed.  The  eleven  competitors, 
subsequently  identified,  were  :  H.  H.  Richardson,  Brookline,  Mass. ;  Van  Brunt 
&  Howe,  Boston;  C.  L.  W.  Eidlitz,  New-York ;  W.  H.  Wilcox,  St.  Paul, 
Minn. ;  William  Watson,  Montreal ;  Warner  &  Brockett,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  ; 
C.  K.  Porter,  Buffalo ;  Beebe  and  Freeman,  Buffalo ;  August  Esenwein  and 
F.   W.   Humble,   Buffalo;    C.   R.   Percival,   Buffalo;    H.   Macdiarmid,   Buffalo. 

After  careful  and  long  consideration,  the  building  committee,  on  the  iith 
of    July,    adopted    as    its    choice,    with     unanimity,     the    design    submitted    by 


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Mr.  C.  L.  W.  Eidlitz  of  New- York.  At  the  same  time,  the  second  premium 
that  had  been  offered  was  awarded  to  Mr.  Richardson,  and  the  third  to 
Mr.  Wilcox.  The  action  of  the  committee  was  confirmed  by  the  executive 
committee  of  the  association,  and  it  was  unquestionably  approved  by  the 
general    public    verdict. 

Arrangements  were  now  promptly  concluded  with  Mr.  Eidlitz  for  the 
preparation  of  working  plans  and  specifications,  and  early  in  October  a  con- 
tract for  the  excavation  and  foundation  work  of  the  buildino-  was  let. 
Ground  was  broken  on  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  October,  in  the  presence 
of  a  few  ladies  and  gentlemen  who  had  warning  of  the  event,  and  who 
took  the  place  of  the  laborers  for  a  time  in  handling  plough  and  shovel. 
The  first  wagon  was  loaded  by  these  volunteers  and  the  first  spadeful  of 
earth    thrown    into    it    by    Mrs»  S.  V.    R.   Watson. 

In  January,  1885,  the  contracts  for  the  principal  work  were  let.  At  this 
time  the  building-plans  contemplated  a  strictly  fire-proof  construction  for  only 
the  Broadway  wing  of  the  building,  in  which  the  book-room  of  the  library 
and  the  picture-gallery  of  the  Fine  Arts  Academy  were  to  be  placed.  No 
more  than  that  could  be  done  within  the  limit  of  $225,000  that  had  been 
fixed  for  the  cost  of  construction.  But  further  consideration  led  to  a 
revision  of  these  plans,  and  it  was  determined  that  the  whole  structure 
should  be  made  fire-proof.  Supplementary  contracts  were  accordingly  made, 
under   which    work   began    in    April. 

Mr.  Smith  had  been  re-elected  president  in  February,  1884,  but  declined 
a  third  election  the  following  year,  pleading  the  pressure  of  his  private 
business  affairs  upon  his  attention  and  time.  He  accepted,  however,  a  seat 
in  the  board  of  real  estate.  His  natural  successor  in  the  presidency  was 
Mr.  Jewett  M.  Richmond,  who  had  been  one  of  the  building  committee 
and  prominently  active  in  the  whole  movement.  Mr.  Richmond  was  re-elected 
in  1886  and  again  in  1887,  and  surrendered  his  services  very  largely  to  the 
undertaking,  giving   close    personal    attention    to    it    throughout. 

The  vacancy  in  the  building  committee  caused  by  the  retirement  of 
Mr.  Smith  (Mr.  Richmond  then  becoming  chairman  of  the  committee)  was 
filled  by  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Henry  C.  French.  In  the  following 
year,  1886,  Mr.  French  and  Mr.  Geo.  B.  Hayes  were  withdrawn  from  the 
building     committee     by     the     expiration     of     their    terms     in     the     executive 


22 

committee,    and    were    succeeded    by    Messrs.    Howard     H.    Baker    and    Robert 
R.    Hcfford. 

As  the  building  progressed  and  contracts  were  let,  the  work  in  its  various 
parts,   from   beginning  to  completion,  was  executed  and  directed  as   follows : 

Architect, CYRUS  L.  W.  ElULlTZ. 

Architect's  superintendent, AUG.  ESENWEIN. 

CONTRACTORS. 

Excavatiott  atid  foundations, J.  Beier  &  Son. 

Mason  work  {superstructure), Chas.  BerricK. 

Stone  work  {superstructure),       W.  COLLINGWOOD. 

Iron  work,       H.  C.  Harrower. 

Terra  cotta, BOSTON  TERRA  CoTTA  Co. 

Carpenter  work, JACOB  Reimann. 

Pai)tti?ig  aftd  finishittg, D.  F.  RuST. 

Roofing,      G.  H.  Peters  &  Son. 

Steam  heating  and  plumbing, Irlbacker  &  DAVIS. 

Steam  boiler  house,       Chas.  Berrick. 

Book  stacks H.  C.  Harrower. 

Sandstone  sidewalks, Brady  &  Maltby. 

Oak  zvainscoting,  cases,  tables,  etc., Metz,  BarK  &  Meyer. 

Chairs Hersee  &  Co. 

Frescoing, C.  F.  Chretien  &  Bros. 

Light  fixtures  {gas  and  electric  combination),      .     .     .       Irlbacker  &  Davis. 

Tiling L.  Schwartz  &  Co. 

Floor  covering  {"noiseless  corticine"), D.   MORGAN  &  SON. 

Speaking  tubes  and  electric  bells, Chas.  Plumb. 

Electric  lighting, U.  S.  ELECTRIC  Light  Co. 

Work  was  pressed  vigorously  by  most  of  the  contractors,  but  lasted 
through  1885,  1886,  and  until  March,  1887,  before  the  last  details  were 
finished. 

In  May,  1886,  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature  of  New-York,  the  'Young 
Men's  Association  of  Buffalo '  became,  by  change  of  name,  '  The  Buffalo 
Library,'  and  its  'executive  committee'  was  changed  in  title  to  a  'board 
of    managers.' 

On  Monday,  the  13th  of  September,  1886,  the  removal  of  the  library  to 
its  new  home  was  begun.  The  new  building  was  not  yet  in  readiness  for 
it,  but    the   old    building    was   no    longer    hospitable.      The    latter    had    been 


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23 

leased  to  Messrs.  Stafford  &  Co.  for  reversion  to  its  original  uses  as  a 
hotel.  Extensive  changes  of  interior  construction  required  to  be  made,  and 
the  commencement  of  work  upon  these  necessarily  hastened  the  departure 
of  the  library.  As  an  unfortunate  consequence,  its  books  were  put  out  of 
use  for  nearly  four  months.  It  was  not  until  the  third  day  of  January, 
1887,  that    the    stately    portals    on    Broadway    could    be    opened    to    readers. 

Even  then  the  opening  was  informal  and  incomplete.  The  ceremonious 
and  official  introduction  of  the  public  to  the  new  building  was  postponed 
until  the  evening  of  Monday,  February  7th,  when  the  Library  united  with 
the  Fine  Arts  Academy,  the  Historical  Society  and  the  Society  of  Natural 
Sciences,  in  a  general  reception  of  their  members  and  friends.  A  jjrayer 
by  Bishop  Coxe,  brief  addresses  by  president  Richmond  of  the  Library, 
vice-president  Sherman  S.  Rogers  of  the  Fine  Arts  Academy,  president 
D.  S.  Kellicott  of  the  Society  of  Natural  Sciences,  and  ex-president  James 
Sheldon  of  the  Historical  Society,  with  a  short  reminiscent  sketch  by  Mr. 
John  R.  Lee,  the  first  treasurer  of  the  Young  Men's  Association,  and  the 
only  survivor  of  its  first  board  of  officers,  were  the  simple  dedicatory  exer- 
cises that  had  been  prepared.  Notwithstanding  unfavorable  weather,  the 
guests  of  the  evening  numbered  many  thousands,  and  the  splendid  building, 
thronged  in  every  part,  presented  a  memorable  scene.  A  programme  of 
music,  performed  by  the  Philharmonic  Orchestra,  gave  appropriate  entertain- 
ment   to    the    visitors. 

The  library  at  this  time  was  fully  settled  and  arranged ;  the  other 
institutions  were  not.  The  Fine  Arts  Academy  gave  its  opening  exhibition 
a  few  weeks  later ;  but  it  was  not  until  June  that  the  exhibition  rooms 
of   the    Society    of    Natural    Sciences    were    in    order. 

So  far  as  the  chronicle  of  the  Buffalo  Library  can  now  be  written  it 
closes  with  a  terrible  incident.  In  the  early  morning  of  the  iSth  day  of 
March,  1887,  the  building  which  it  had  vacated  the  preceding  September,  and 
which  (still  owned  by  the  library)  had  become  "The  Richmond"  hotel,  was 
consumed  by  fire  and  fifteen  persons  perished  in  the  flames  or  died  from 
injuries  received  in  escaping.  The  horrible  calamity  has  cast  a  great  shadow 
upon  what  had  seemed  to  be  the  happy  fortunes  of  the  institution,  and  in 
this  writing  of  its  history  we  are  compelled  to  leave  it  with  that  shadow 
still    dark.       It    has    been    determined    already,     however,     that    a    new    hotel 


24 

building,     of    strictly    fire-proof    construction,    shall    be    erected    without    delay 
upon    the    site    of   the    one    destroyed,    and    that    the    Library    will    own    it. 


THE    BUILDING. 

The  accompanying  plans  show  the  form  of  the  building  and  the  arrange- 
ment and  allotment  of  its  several  floors,  as  constructed.  The  plans,  it  will  be 
seen,  are  drawn  nearly  on  the  lines  suggested  at  the  beginning  by  the  studies 
of  the  building  committee.  In  a  communication  which  accompanied  his 
drawings  when  first  submitted,   Mr.   Eidlitz  wrote : 

The  plans  prepared  by  you  for  the  use  of  competitors  and  the  printed 
programme  of  requirements  have  been  made  the  basis  of  this  design.  They 
have  not,  however,  been  adopted  without  careful  scrutiny  and  the  undertak- 
ing of  many  independent  studies.  These  studies  have  had  the  result  of  con- 
firming the  impression  that  no  disposition  essentially  different  from  that 
arrived  at  by  you  could,  under  the  conditions  of  the  site  and  the  limit  of 
cost,  be  made  to  meet  so  well  the  varied  requirements  of  your  enterprise. 

Mr.  Eidlitz,  however,  introduced  a  change  of  great  importance  in  the 
plans.  By  widening  the  Broadway  wing  of  the  building  he  made  room 
there  for  the  entire  book-storage  required,  and  then  secured  the  necessary 
increase  of  light  demanded  for  the  widened  book-room  by  narrowing  a  part 
of  the  art-gallery  above,  which  permitted  skylights  to  be  placed  on  each 
side  of  it.  This  construction  not  only  improved  the  arrangement  for  book- 
storage  but  formed  a  striking  and  pleasing  feature  in  the  architecture  of  the 
building. 

THE    BOOK   ROOMS. 

The  wing  in  question,  on  the  library  floor,  is  divided  by  heavy  walls 
v.ith  large  open  arches  into  what  may  be  called  three  rooms,  or  three 
sections  of  one  room.  It  is  47  feet  wide  and  132  feet  long,  about  one 
fourth    of   the    total    length    being    in    each    of    the    end    sections,  and    one    half 


BUFFALO    LIBRARY   AND    ART    BUILDING. 


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LIBRARY. 


SECOND  FLOOR 


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SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 


BASEMENT  FLOOR 


HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 


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27 

of  it  in  the  middle  section.  All  these  sections  may  be  filled  with  book- 
stacks  when  needed.  At  present  there  are  book-stacks  erected  in  the  middle 
and  westerly  sections  only.  The  book-stacks  are  but  two  stages  of  seven 
feet  each  in  height.  The  room  having  a  height  of  22  feet,  from  floor  to 
ceiling,  it  is  possible,  at  any  time,  to  add  a  third  tier  to  the  stacks.  As 
now  constructed  their  capacity  is  for  holding  something  more  than  150,000 
volumes.  If  extended  into  the  easterly  section  of  the  room  and  carried 
up  to  a  third  stage  throughout,  that  capacity  will  be  very  nearly  doubled. 
In  his  recent  annual  report  the  superintendent  of  the  library,  speaking  of 
the  provision  for  future  accumulations  of  books,  stated  the  facts  as  follows : 
'  We  can  double  their  present  number  and  then  double  it  again  without 
filling,  by  50,000  books,  the  space,  even  now  appropriated  to  them.  When 
that  is  done  there  will  still  remain  the  great  halls  which  the  Art  Gallery, 
the  Society  of  Natural  Sciences  and  the  Historical  Society  will  some  day 
vacate,  and  which  are  ample  for  the  storing  of  full  twice  as  many  more, 
with  reading-rooms  proportionately  supplied.  In  a  word,  the  Buffalo 
Library  may  grow,  in  some  far  future  time,  to  the  imperial  magnitude  of 
a    million    books    without   going   outside    of  its    present   walls.' 

Supporting  nothing  but  their  own  weight,  with  that  of  the  books  which 
they  carry,  the  stacks  are  of  a  simple  and  light  construction.  Thin  cast- 
iron  cross-pieces,  or  bearings,  slide  upon  standards  of  one-inch  gas  pipe, 
being  adjustably  fixed  in  place  by  steel  set-screws,  and  these  are  flanged 
for  holding  the  shelves.  The  platform  which  constitutes  the  floor  to  the 
second  stage  is  of  light  iron  gratings  and  rough  glass  in  about  equal 
proportions.  The  stacks  are  15  feet  long,  each  divided  into  five  shelf- 
sections  of  three  feet  each.  They  are  18  inches  in  depth,  from  face  to 
face,  thus  giving  a  shelf  nine  inches  wide  on  each  face,  and  there  is  no 
partition  between  these  two  opposed  shelves.  The  passage  between  the 
stacks    is    32    inches    wide,  and    this    is    found    to    be    quite    sufficient. 

There  are  two  rows  of  these  stacks,  with  a  broad  passage  enclosed 
within  iron  railings  carried  down  through  the  middle  of  the  room  between 
them.  The  passage  is  bridged  to  establish  easy  communication  from  one 
row  of  book-stacks  to  the  other.  The  purpose  of  this  passage-way  is  to 
give  public  entrance  to  the  large  room  at  the  easterly  end  of  the  book- 
stacks,    which  will    not   be    needed    for   book    storage    until    many    years    hence. 


28 

and  which  is  important  for  other  uses  in  the  meantime.  It  has  been  pro- 
posed that  this  commodious  and  very  light  reading-room,  together  with  the 
book-stacks  on  the  northerly  side  of  the  contiguous  book-room,  be  occupied 
by  the  Grosvenor  Library  until  such  time  as  that  institution  is  prepared  to 
erect  a  building  of  its  own.  But  nothing  to  the  purpose  has  been  arranged. 
At  present  the  room  is  for  teachers  who  bring  classes  to  the  library,  for 
students  who  wish  to  consult  a  great  number  of  books,  and  for  other  special 
uses  of  that  character. 

THE    DELIVERY  ROOM. 

The  delivery  room,  which  is  the  foyer  of  the  library,  where  every- 
thing centers,  and  from  which  everything  radiates,  is  an  apartment  of  fine 
proportions,  with  irregular  form,  and  produces  a  striking  effect  upon  the 
visitor  when  he  enters.  Being  really  continuous  with  the  adjoining  cata- 
logue-room, from  which  it  is  separated  only  by  the  piers  of  three  wide, 
round  arches,  the  appearance  is  of  an  extended  hall  crossing  the  building 
from  street  to  street,  104  feet  long  and  40  feet  wide.  The  walls  are 
frescoed  in  plain  designs,  but  in  rich,  dark  colors,  Venetian  red  predomi- 
nant, and  this  harmonizes  finely  with  the  antique,  quartered  oak  wood-work 
and  furniture.  The  abundance  of  light  in  the  rooms,  from  two  wide  streets 
and  from  the  large  court  behind,  supports  and  enriches  these  dark  colors, 
which    would    not   be    admissible    without    it. 

The  delivery-desk  faces  the  entrance  to  the  room  —  which  is  the  one 
public  entrance  to  the  library- — and  behind  it  are  wide,  high  windows 
opening  into  the  court.  At  the  left  of  the  entrance,  going  in,  are  the 
cases  containing  the  remarkable  collection  of  autograph  manuscripts  and 
letters  presented  to  the  library  by  Mr.  James  Frazer  Gluck,  with  some 
others  from  other  donors.  To  the  right  is  the  catalogue  room,  through 
which    one    passes    to    reach    the    general   reading    rooms    and    the    ofifice. 

THE    CATALOGUE    ROOM. 

This  room  contains  the  card  catalogue  of  the  library,  in  drawers  which 
are    at    one    level,    and    which    are    covered    with    hinged    lids,    so    that    the    use 


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29 

of  one  interferes  with  no  other.  All  bibliographical  books,  and  such  few 
rare  and  curious  books  as  the  library  now  possesses,  with  its  collection  of 
texts  and  versions  of  the  Bible  (just  fairly  begun)  are  also  here,  in  fine 
oak  cases,  behind  glass.  For  the  present,  the  collections  of  the  library  in 
local    history    and    literature    are    likewise    placed    in    this    room. 

THE    STUDY. 

At  the  rear  of  the  catalogue  room  is  '  The  Study,'  or  reference  reading- 
room,  which  we  pass  into  through  silent  swinging  doors,  half  crystal  with 
plate  glass  in  beveled  squares.  It  is  full  of  light  from  windows  on  its 
two  longest  sides,  opening  to  the  street  on  one  hand,  and  to  the  large 
inner  court  on  the  other.  The  room  is  52  feet  long  by  ZiV^  f^^t  wide. 
Its  colors  are  soft  and  warm.  It  is  well  filled  but  not  crowded  with  tables 
and  chairs.  At  each  end  of  it  are  open  cases  in  which  a  thousand  volumes 
or  more  of  the  commoner  books  of  reference  —  encyclopaedias,  dictionaries, 
gazetteers,  statistical  annuals,  and  the  like  —  are  placed  for  free  use.  Other 
reference  books  are  with  the  general  library  in  the  book-room,  and  subject 
to  call. 

READING-ROOM   FOR   PERIODICALS. 

Passing  in  the  opposite  direction  from  the  catalogue-room,  through  a 
broad  hall,  the  reading-room  for  newspapers  and  magazines  is  reached.  It 
occupies  entirely  the  large  bay  in  the  front  of  the  building,  54  feet  by  38 
feet  in  size,  and  has  windows  on  three  sides  of  it,  looking  out  on  wide,  open 
spaces  of  ground.  In  the  fourth  wall,  at  either  hand  on  entering,  are  two 
great  fire-places  and  chimney  pieces  of  terra  cotta,  which  help  much  to 
give  a  pleasant  aspect  to  the  place.  In  the  middle  of  the  room  is  a  case 
of  peculiar  design,  having  drawers  below  and  open  compartments  above,  on 
each  of  its  long  sides.  The  compartments  are  of  different  sizes  for  period- 
icals of  every  description,  daily  newspapers  included,  each  one  lettered  for 
its  own.  Few  files  are  used,  but  every  newspaper  is  stitched  at  the  back 
by  a  sewing  machine  and  laid  flatly,  or  with  a  single  fold,  in  its  place. 
When  necessary  the  paper  is  stitched  upon  a  strip  of  tape  to  strengthen 
it.      Only    a    few    of    the    latest    numbers  are    left    out    in    the    open    case,    the 


30 

older  numbers  being  filed  away  daily  in  the  drawers  below  for  reference. 
A  lady  attendant  has  charge  of  the  room  and  re-arranges  the  periodicals 
as  often  as  they  are  displaced.  The  reading-room  is  frequented  by  both 
ladies  and  gentlemen,  and,  though  it  is  entirely  free  and  almost  constantly 
filled,  perfect    order   and    perfect    quiet    are    preserved    in    it. 

THE    LADIES'    ROOM. 

Although  every  other  reading-room  is  open  to  ladies  as  well  as  to  gentle- 
men, the  former  are  additionally  provided  with  a  reading-room  of  more 
privacy  for  their  exclusive  use.  As  it  naturally  should  be,  the  ladies'  room 
is  the  most  beautiful  in  the  building  and  the  most  choicely  situated.  It 
is  on  the  second  floor,  in  the  front,  immediately  above  the  reading-room 
for  periodicals  just  described.  It  has  the  same  dimensions  as  that  and  is 
correspondingly  open  to  light  and  air,  the  prospect  from  several  of  its 
windows  being  singularly  fine.  Its  floor  is  made  soft  with  rugs,  and  it  is 
furnished  with  the  most  comfortable  of  chairs.  A  lady  attendant  is  always 
present    in    the    room. 

AUTOGRAPH   MANUSCRIPT   COLLECTION. 

The  cases  shown  in  one  of  the  views  of  the  '  delivery-room,'  standing 
at  the  northerly  end  of  the  apartment,  contain  a  collection  of  autograph 
manuscripts  and  letters  which  is  probably  unequalled  in  America.  Excepting 
a  few  contributions  from  other  sources,  the  collection  was  made  for  the 
library  by  one  of  its  present  curators,  Mr.  James  Frazer  Gluck.  Many  of 
the  manuscripts  were  purchased  by  Mr.  Gluck  and  many  were  given  for 
the  collection,  by  authors  and  publishers,  at  his  request.  The  total  number 
is  between  three  hundred  and  four  hundred,  of  which  more  than  half  are 
singly  bound  in  sumptuous  volumes.  Some  are  collectively  bound,  and  others, 
among   the    shorter   manuscripts    and    letters,    are    framed    in    oak. 

The  autographs  in  the  collection  which  receive  the  mo.st  attention, 
perhaps,  and  are  most  interesting  to  the  majority  of  people,  are  the 
following :  The  entire  original  manuscripts  of  Emerson's  '  Representative 
Men';    of   Parkman's  'Count  Frontenac   and   New  France';    of   William  Cullen 


03 


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31 

Bryant's  Introduction  to  the  Odyssey  ;  Gladstone's  essay  on  '  England  and 
Russia';  Lowell's  essay  on  'The  Winthrop  Papers';  Whittier's  'The  King's 
Missive';  Dickens'  'Great  International  Walking  Match';  Mark  Twain's 
'Huckleberry  Finn';  one  of  Bret  Hartc's  'Condensed  Novels'  and  'For  el 
Rey';  Thoreau's  essay  on  'Mortal  Glory';  Hazlitt's  lecture  on  '  Dryden  and 
Fope';  Walt  Whitman's  essay  on  'Robert  Burns';  Leigh  Hunt's  criticism 
of  Carlyle's  first  lectures  in  London ;  Sir  Thos.  Overbury's  '  Observations 
upon  the  Seventeen  Frovinces,'  A.  D.  1609;  o"e  of  Charles  Kingsley's 
lectures ;  one  of  Tom  Moore's  songs  with  the  music ;  one  of  Chancellor 
Kent's  Opinions;  one  of  Helen  Hunt's  'Bits  of  Travel';  parts  of  the 
autograph  manuscripts  of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  essay  on  '  Chivalry,'  of  Southey's 
'  The  Doctor,'  and  of  Cooper's  '  The  Headsman '  ;  a  volume  of  Watts'  Hymns, 
in  his  handwriting ;  single  autograph  poems  by  Dryden,  Dorset,  Burns, 
Wordsworth,  Keats,  Coleridge,  Hood ;  a  volume  of  Tennyson's  proof-sheets 
as  he  corrected  them  ;  a  volume  of  De  Ouincey's  proof-sheets  and  letters ; 
a  volume  of  Browning's  and  Mrs.  Browning's  letters ;  characteristic  and 
important  single  letters  by  Washington,  Jefferson,  Franklin,  Lincoln,  Haw- 
thorne, Foe,  Voltaire,  Rousseau,  Jeremy  Taylor,  Dr.  Johnson,  Fope,  Cowper, 
Macaulay,    Ruskin,    George    Eliot,    Charles    Lamb,   etc.,   etc. 


MINOR    DETAILS. 

On  the  same  floor  with  the  ladies'  reading-room  are  the  board  of 
managers'  room,  a  small  lecture-room,  seating  about  225  people,  and  a  room 
assigned    to    chess    playing. 

The  office,  on  the  main  floor,  is  conveniently  arranged  for  the  adminis- 
trative work  of  the  library.  Below  it,  and  connected  by  stairway  and  book- 
hoist,  are    well-lighted    packing   and    storage-rooms    in    the    basement. 

The  entire  wood  fittings  and  furniture  of  the  library  are  of  quartered 
oak,  antique  in  finish,  and  highly  polished.  The  cases,  desks  and  tables 
were  carefully  planned,  in  dimensions,  arrangement  and  place,  by  the  super- 
intendent   of    the    library,  and    designed   by    the    architect. 

The  library  floors  are  generally  covered  with  "  noiseless  corticine,"  a 
material  which   seems  to  be  admirably  adapted  to  library  use.       It  preserves  as 


32 

much  quiet  in  the  rooms  as  carpeting  would  do,  while  it  can  be  washed 
like  a  wood  floor.  Laid  down  in  its  natural  brown  color,  with  no  pattern 
printed    on    the    surface,    it    looks    well,    even    after    much    wear. 

The  incandescent  electric  light  and  gas  light,  in  combination  fixtures, 
are  introduced  together  throughout  the  library  rooms.  If  one  fails,  the 
other   is    at    hand ;    but    the    electric    light    is    the    one    commonly    in    use. 

Every  room  communicates  with  every  other  by  speaking  tubes  and 
electric    sigrnals. 

The  warming  of  the  building  is  by  steam,  from  boilers  placed  in  a  house 
entirely    detached,    at    the    rear 


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THE   FINE   ARTS   ACADEMY. 


The  Fine  Arts  Academy 


*  +  ****+4-*  +  +  -i-  +  **  +  +  +  ***-i-  +  +  +  +  -l-  +  -i-  +  *-H'  +  -l-  +  +  -H-  + 


N    the    second    floor   of    the    northerly   or   Broadway  wing    of    the 

building,    but    extending    up    through    two    stories    to    the    roof, 

are  the  galleries  of   the  Fine  Arts   Academy.      Those    at  each 

end  are  about  47    by    33   feet   in    dimensions,  while  the   longer 

and    narrower  gallery  between    them    is    68    feet   long   Ijy    ji}4 

feet  wide.      All    are  skylighted   from   the   roof    through  ceilings  of    thick  glass. 

At    the    time    the    view    shown     in    this    book    was    taken,    the    galleries    were 

unfinished    and    slightly   furnished. 

Connected  with    the    galleries    is    an    art  school-room  40  by  41    feet  in   size. 
In     his     address     at     the    opening     of     the     building,     February     7,      1887, 
Hon.    Sherman    S.    Rogers    gave    the    following    brief    historical    sketch    of    the 
origin  and    growth    of    the    Academy : 


When  tlic  future  historian,  writing  of  our  great  civil  war,  and  looking  for 
truth  more  in  the  deeds  of  the  time  tlian  in  its  talk,  shall  inquire  as  to  the 
spirit  and  temper  of  the  north  in  those  days  of  defeat  and  humiliation,  I 
think  he  may  find  one  of  some  significance  in  this:  that  on  the  8th  day  of 
November,  1862,  a  few  of  our  leading  citizens  founded  the  Buffalo  Fine  Arts 
Academy. 

I  confess  to  a  feeling  of  pride  as  I  recall  the  fact  that  its  first  president 
was  my  own  honored  and  beloved  kinsman,  Henry  W.  Rogers.  Would  you 
know  the  spirit  with  which  the  enterprise  was  started  ?  Let  me  read  to  you 
from  the  address  of  Mr.  Sellstedt,  read  at  the  annual  opening  ten  years  later. 
There  was  immediate  need  of  money,  and  Messrs.  Rogers  and  Hazard  were 
appointed  a  committee   to    obtain    it.     'They  started    on    their  mission,'  says 


36 

Mr.  Sellstedt,  'on  the  morning  of  the  nth  of  December  and  before  6  P.  M. 
had  twelve  subscribers  of  $500.  They  afterwards  obtained  one  more,  making 
the  whole  amount  $6,500.'  Could  we  do  much  better  to-day?  'Would  you 
know,'  Air.  Sellstedt  continues,  'the  names  of  the  Guard  of  Honor?  They 
are  Henry  W.  Rogers,  George  S.  Hazard,  Sherman  S.  Jewett,  David  S. 
Bennett,  Bronson  C.  Rumsey,  Charles  Ensign,  Chandler  J.  Wells,  John 
Allen,  Jr.,  Lauren  C.  Woodruff,  Pascal  P.  Pratt,  Stephen  V.  R.  Watson, 
Francis  H.  Root  and  James  Brayley.' 

The  formal  inauguration  of  the  academy  took  place  on  the  23d  of 
December  of  the  same  year.  Mr.  Rogers  held  his  office  for  two  years. 
Mr.  George  S.  Hazard  succeeded  him.  From  1869  to  1871  Mr.  Rogers  was 
again  president,  and  the  office  has  also  been  filled  by  Sherman  S.  Jewett, 
Eben.  P.  Dorr,  C.  F.  S.  Thomas,  William  P.  Letchworth,  Sherman  S.  Rogers, 
Laurentius  G.  Sellstedt,  John  Allen,  Jr.,  Josiah  Jewett  and  Dr.  Thomas  F. 
Rochester. 

Josiah  Humphrey,  A.  M.  Farnham  and  L.  G.  Sellstedt  have  filled  the 
office  of  corresponding  secretary,  and  H.  Ewers  Talmadge  and  Albert  T. 
Chester  that  of  recording  secretary.  Dr.  Chester's  service  extends  from  1864 
to  the  present  time,  and  it  may  be  safely  said  that  with  the  exception  of 
Mr.  Sellstedt  no  member  of  the  executive  board  has  rendered  so  much  or  so 
valuable  service. 

At  the  first  our  art  possessions  were  very  cheerfully  and  pleasantly  housed 
in  the  Arcade  block,  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Main  and  Clinton  streets ; 
afterward  in  the  room  so  kindly  provided  us  by  the  Young  Men's  Associa- 
tion in  the  building  they  have  just  vacated,  and  still  later  in  the  Austin 
fire-proof  building  on  Eagle  and  Franklin  opposite  the  city  hall.  The  acad- 
emy had  begun  to  think  it  could  not  afford  to  be  burned  out.  And  now, 
at  last,  we  are  moving  'Laramie  Peaks'  and  'the  Bay  of  Capri'  and  the 
rest  of  our  treasures,  together  with  some  fine  old  trumpery  which  we  cannot 
yet  spare,  into  this  welcome,  thrice  welcome  home  of  letters  and  science  and 
art.  Here  we  trust  they  may  remain  until  the  greater  Buffalo  which  we  see 
yonder  in  the  first  quarter  of  the  twentieth  century  shall  need  our  rooms  for 
the  overflowing  library,  and  a  secure  home  shall  have  been  provided  for 
them  in  a  temple  of  art  worthy  of  a  great  and  generous  city. 


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SOCIETT  OF   NATURAL   SCIENCES. 


The  Society  of  Natural  Sciences. 


♦  ♦*  +  +  *  +  **  +  *****  +  **  +  *4-  +  +  +  +  *****4  +  *  +  **  +  ** 


LTHOUGH  the  spacious  rooms  of  the  Society  of  Natural 
Sciences  are  in  the  basement  of  the  building,  they  lie  nearly 
at  the  ground  level  throughout  most  of  their  extent,  owing  to 
the  slope  on  which  the  building  stands.  The  light  in  them  is 
perfect,  and  the  museum,  the  laboratories,  the  library,  and  the 
offices  of    the  Society  are  excellently  accommodated. 

The  important  incidents  in  the  history  of  the  society  were  briefly  touched 
upon,  and  the  chief  treasures  among  its  collections  were  pointed  out,  by 
the  president.   Prof.    Kellicott,  in  his    address    at  the    opening  of    the    building : 


It  may  be  known  to  you,  he  said,  that  the  society  has  just  completed 
twenty-five  years  of  existence,  and  it  seems  well  that  I  should  revert  briefly 
to  what  it  has  accomplished  during  its  first  quarter  of  a  century.  I  shall 
not  weary  you  with  an  attempt  at  a  history  of  its  achievements ;  if  this  was 
the  occasion,  I  am  not  the  one  properly  to  do  it,  for  there  are  those  with 
us  who  have  known  and  aided  it  from  the  beginning;  those  whose  names 
appear  on  the  first  page  of  its  proceedings.  It  is  for  some  one  of  these  to 
write  our  history,  not  only  from  the  records,  but  from  experience  and  per- 
sonal knowledge.  The  first  page  of  the  minutes  contains  the  following: 
'Buffalo,  December  5,  1S61  ;  Tuesday  evening.  Pursuant  to  a  call  through 
the  papers  those  interested  in  and  connected  with  the  formation  of  the 
society  met  in  lower  St.  James  Hall  for  the  purpose  of  organization. 
Judge  Clinton  in  the  chair  and  T.  Rowland  secretary.  The  meeting  being 
called  to  order  was  addressed  by  Judge  Clinton,  and   remarks  were  made  by 


40 

Dr.  Clarke,   Havens    and    others.'      After    the  reading   and    adoption  of    rules 
for  government,  officers  were  nominated  and  elected.     This  is  the  list : 


OFFICERS. 

President,  Hon.  George  W.  Clinton;  First  Vice-President,  A.  T. 
Chester,  D.  D.  ;  Second  Vice-President,  Charles  Winne,  M.  D.  ;  Corre- 
sponding Secretary,  SAMUEL  Slade  ;  Recording  Secretary,  Theodore  How- 
L.\ND;    Treasurer,  LEON  F.   Harvey,  M.  D.;    Librarian,  RICHARD  K.  NOYE. 


CURA  TORS. 

General  Zoology,  GEORGE  E.  Hayes,  M.  D.  ;  Ornithology,  Prof.  William 
S.  Van  Duzee;  Herpetology  and  Ichthyology,  HiRAM  E.  Tallmadge;  Ento- 
mology, Charles  D.  Marshall;  Conchology,  Coleman  T.  Robinson; 
Botany,  C.  C.  F.  Gay,  M.  D.  ;  Geology,  Charles  S.  Farnham  ;  Paleontology, 
David  F.  Day. 

Judge  Clinton  remained  the  president  of  the  society  until  his  removal  to 
Albany  in  1881.  His  virtues  as  a  citizen,  his  devotion  to  the  society  and 
to  the  advancement  of  science,  are  too  well  known  to  need  repetition  here. 
It  is  conceded  that  the  success  of  the  society  is  largely  due  to  his  spirit 
and  his  labors.  The  record  of  his  investigations  on  the  flora  of  this  vicinity 
must  remain  forever  an  honor  to  him,  a  benefit  to  all  students  of  our  plants 
and  a  heritage  of  the  society.  Our  extensive  collection  of  plants,  now  known 
as  the  Clinton  Herbarium,  is  the  result  of  years  of  untiring  industry,  and 
appropriately  bears  the  name  of  its  author.  I  may  add  that  it  is  the  only 
collection  of  plants  within  reach  of  the  general  student  of  botany  in  this  city. 

The  first  president  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  George  E.  Hayes,  himself  one  of 
the  first  curators  and  a  constant  supporter  of  the  society  while  he  lived ; 
by  his  will  he  endowed  it  with  a  larger  amount  than  was  ever  given  by 
an  individual  to  scientific  associations  in  America.  The  bequest  of  Dr. 
Hayes  renders  it  possible  in  the  future  for  this  .society  to  take  rank  with  those 
of  Boston  and  Philadelphia.  He  has  established  a  perpetual  free  school  of 
science  in  Buffalo,  to  be  administered  by  the  society.  Coleman  T.  Robinson 
and  Charles  F.  Wadsworth,  curators  at  the  first  organization,  have  both 
contributed  large  amounts  to  the  society's  possessions  and  largely  to  its 
standing.  The  latter  left  it  the  Wadsworth  collection  of  minerals,  which  is 
indeed  a  treasure ;  first  for  its  intrinsic  value  as  a  carefully  selected  collec- 
tion ;  second,  because  it  is  within  reach  of  our  students  and  is  the  only  one 
thus  accessible.  The  former  left  us  by  will  his  library  and  the  greater  part 
of  the  present  available  invested  funds.  The  valuable  libraiy  thus  begun 
has    been    increased    by  purchase    and    by  exchange    for    the    bulletin    of    the 


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41 


society,  until  local  students  of  science  find  here  the  means  of  investigation 
found  nowhere  else  in  western  New-York.  I  will  take  the  time  to  mention 
another  matter  which  lends  interest  and  value  to  this  collection  of  books. 
I  shall  not  be  disputed,  I  think,  in  the  assertion  that  more  original  descrip- 
tions of  insects  have  been  founded  upon  and  referred  to  the  identical  books 
of  this  library  than  to  any  other  collection  in  America.  I  refer  to  the 
descriptions  by  C.  T.  Robinson,  A.  R.  Grote,  L.  F.  Harvey  and  others. 

There  are  other  valuable  collections  which  can  scarcely  be  more  than 
mentioned.  For  example,  that  of  local  birds ;  by  it  our  students  may  identify 
almost  every  species  taken  here;  the  beautiful  collection  of  European  birds 
purchased,  I  am  told,  by  subscription  of  the  board  of  managers  at  a  regular 
meeting;  then  the  waterlime  fossils,  the  finest  in  any  collection;  the  collec- 
tion of  shells  and  others  deserve  mention  but  must  be  omitted.  Their  money 
value  I  dare  not  attempt  to  express.  Now  that  they  are  stored  in  a  fire- 
proof building  there  is  relief  from  anxiety. 


THE  BUFFALO  HISTORICAL  SOCIETT. 


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The  Buffalo  Historical  Society. 


***+++++++***+*+++*■+++++++*++++++ 


MEETING  of  fourteen  gentlemen,  held  in  the  law  office  of 
the  late  O.  H.  Marshall,  on  the  evening  of  the  25th  of 
March,  1862,  was  the  beginning  of  the  Buffalo  Historical 
Society.  They  were  Orsamus  H.  Marshall,  George  W. 
Clinton,  Henry  W.  Rogers,  George  R.  Babcock,  Oliver  G. 
Steele,  James  P.  White,  Walter  Clarke,  Henry  Lovejoy,  William  Dorsheimer, 
Albert  L.  Baker,  Joseph  Warren,  David  F.  Day,  Edward  S.  Rich  and  John 
Howcutt.  They  appointed  a  committee  of  seven  to  report  a  plan  of  organ- 
ization, and  the  report  was  made  to  a  larger  and  more  public  meeting,  held 
April  15th,  at  the  rooms  of  the  Medical  Association.  At  that  meeting,  and 
at  a  subsequent  election,  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  May,  the  organization  of 
the  society  was  perfected  and  its  ofificers  chosen,  with  the  Hon.  Millard 
Fillmore,    ex-President    of   the    United    States,    in    the    presiding    seat. 

The  first  librarian  and  corresponding  secretary  was  genial  and  gentle 
Guy  H.  Salisbury  —  the  Charles  Lamb  of  early  Buffalo  —  who  gave  most  of 
his  time  for  a  considerable  period  to  the  gathering  and  arranging  of  the 
society's  primary  collections.  He  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  William  K.  Scott, 
who  held  the  post  until  1867,  when  Dr.  George  S.  Armstrong  was  called 
to  fill  it.  Dr.  Armstrong  was  librarian  and  secretary  for  more  than 
twelve  years,  and  resigned  in  1879.  His  successors  have  been  Rev.  Albert 
Bigelow,  1879- 1881,  Elias  O.  Salisbury,  1881 -1883,  and  George  G.  Barnum 
since    the    latter   date. 


46 

The  collections  of  the  society  were  deposited  for  some  time  in  the 
office  of  Hon.  William  Dorsheimer,  where  its  meetings  were  also  held. 
From  1865  to  1873  ^^  ^^^^1  rooms  in  the  building  of  the  Young  Men's 
Association.  In  January  of  the  latter  year  it  removed  to  the  Western 
Savings  Bank  building,  of  which  it  occupied  the  entire  third  floor  until 
January,  1887,  when  it  took  possession  of  the  fine  rooms  provided  for  it  in 
the    new    building   of   the    Buffalo    Library. 

As  shown  by  the  latest  report  of  the  librarian,  Mr.  Barnum,  the  library 
of  the  society  now  contains  9,360  volumes  of  books ;  769  volumes  of  news- 
papers; 7,570  pamphlets;  689  maps,  charts  and  volumes  of  maps;  118 
manuscripts  and  23  manuscript  vols.  ;  291  framed  portraits,  including  64  in 
oil ;  805  portrait  photographs,  in  albums ;  334  views,  etc.,  framed  and  in 
portfolios ;  4  vols,  of  autograph  letters,  etc.  The  collections  of  the  society 
in  historical  relics  and  mementoes  are  extensive  and  valuable.  Battle-flag-s 
and  trophies  of  the  Revolution,  the  War  of  181 2,  the  Mexican  War,  the 
Canadian  Patriot  War,  and  the  Rebellion  ;  remains  of  the  mound-builders 
and  the  Indians ;  relics  of  the  pioneers  of  Western  New-York  and  of  the 
early  navigators  of  the  lakes ;  coins,  medals  and  curios  from  many  countries 
and  times,  form  a  museum  of  the  most  interesting  character.  The  "  Francis 
Memorials"  of  the  Rebellion,  collected  by  the  late  Julius  Francis  at  a  cost, 
it  is  said,  of  $20,000,  are  a  rare  feature  of  the  collections.  The  library  of 
the  late  John  C.  Lord,  D.  D.,  is  soon  to  be  placed  in  the  keeping  of  the 
society    by    the    city,    to    which    it    was   willed. 


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APPENDIX 


Official  Register 

OF    THE    YOUNG    MEN'S    A S SOC I /i  T ION ,    NOIV    THE 
BUFFALO    LIBRARY,    18)6-1887. 


*+*****+++*+++++*-i' ++++*++*++++++++*+ 


Abbreviations.  —  C,  Curator  of  tlie  Library;  C.  S.,  Corresponding  Secretary;   D.,  Director,  or  Manager;   P.,  President; 
R.  E.  C,  Real  Estate  Commissioner;  JC.  S.,  Recording  Secretary  ;   T.,  Treasurer;   V.  P.,  Vice-President. 


Adams,  J.  C,  D.  1S87. 

Alberger,  F.  a.,  D.  1846. 

Alberger,  W.  C,  D.  1S60. 

Allen,  G.  W.,  D.  1836. 

Allen,  J.  Jr.,  D.  1863,  1864,  1865.— F.  P.  1866. 

Allen,  W.  K.,  T.  1867,  1868,  1873,  1874,  1875,  \iTi.— 

D.  1879,  18S0.— r. /'.  1881. 
Atwater,  S.  T.,  D.  1839.— K.  p.  1S45.— a  1846. 
Austin,  B.  H.,  D.  1857,  i860,  1861,  i86g,  1S71. 

Bacon,  E.  R.,  D.  1871.— C.  5.  1872. 

Baker,  A.  L.,  D.  1851. 

Baker,  Clifford  A.,  D.  1859. 

Baker,  H.  H.,  D.  1867,  1871,  1884.—/'.  1S74.— K.  P. 

1885,  1886.— J?.  E.  C.  1875,  1876,  1877. 
Barclay,  W.  H.,  D.  1870. 
Barker,  Geo.  P.,  D.  1866. 
Barnard,  A.  J.,  D.  1868. 
Barnard,  Albert,  D.  1848,  1849. 
Bass,  L.  K.,  C.  S.  1862. —i?.  5.  1863,  1864. —  Z).  :868. 

—  V.  P.  1870. 
Beals,  p.  p.,  D.  iSSo,  1881,  1882. 
Bell,  David,  D.  1867,  1869. —  P.  1873. 
Bennett,  Nathaniel,  D.  1840. 
Bennett,  Thos.,  D.  1843. 
Bentley,  G.  T.,  R.  S.  1S61.  —  D.  1862,  1866. 
Beyer,  Wm.  H.,  D.  1B70. 
Bishop,  A.  W.,  £>.  1859,  i860. 


Bissell,  Herbert  P.,  C.  1887. 

BissELL,  W.  S.,  D.  1874,  1S77,  1878,  1879.  —  /'.  1S80. — 

/>.  £.  C.  1883,  1884,  1S85. 
Bliss,  J.  H.,  D.  1851,  1853.-/1'.  S.  1852.—  F.  P.  1S54. 
Boardman,  Jnc,  D.  1856.  —  C.  S.  1857. 
BowEN,  D.  A.,  D.  1851. 
BowEN,  Dennis,    V.P.  1847. 
Brayley,  Jas.,  D.  1863,  1864. 
Bristol,  C.  C,    V.  P.  1838.  —  /).  1840,  1849. 
Brown,  Geo.,  V.  P.  1836. 
Brown,  Geo.  P.,  D.  1848. 
Brown,  Jno.  S.,  C.  S.  1841. 
Brown,  Matthew,  Jr.,  D.  1841. 
Bryant,  I.  F.,  D.  1848,  1S49.  —  C.  5.  1850,  1851. 
Bryant,  Warren,  D.  1839. —  V.  P.  1840. —  /'.  1841. 
Bryant,  Wm.  C,  D.  1867. 
Bull,   Henry,   C.   S.   1867,    1868.-/1.   6'.    1870. — D. 

1875.—  V.  P.  1877.  —  /'.  1882. 
Bull,  J.  B.,  7'.  1840,  1841.—  V.  P.  1843.  —  /'.  1844. 
Burch,  J.  H.,  T.  1838. 
burchard,  e.,  d.  184i. 
Burrows,  R.  L.,  R.  S.  1851.- C.  S.  1853.-/).  1855. 

—  V.  P.  1857. 
Burt,  H.  W.,  T.  1865. 

Burtis,  p.  p.,  D.  1878.  —  /".  5.  1879.—  V.  P.  i88o. 
Burwell,  G.  N.,  D.  1846. 
Burwell,  Tiieodotus,  C.  S.  1842. 
Bush,  Myron  P.,  D.  1846,  1862, 1S63,  1864.— K.  P.  1847. 


50 


Butler,  C.  W.,  D.  iS66. 

Butler,  J.  L.,  D.  1S46.  —  /'.  /'.  1847.  —  P.  1S52. 

Butler,  Morris.  D.  1840. 


Cady,  F.  L.  ,\.,  D.  1869. 

Callender,  S.  N.,  V.  P.  1836. 

Cameron,  Angus,  D.  1853,  1856,  1S57. 

Case,  Harlow,  T.  1839. 

Chamberlain,  H.  S.,  D.  1836. 

Chamberlain,  S.  M.,  R.  S.  1852.— C.  S.  1855.—  V.  P. 

1856. 
Clark,  Seneca  A.,  T.  1879. 
Clark,  Thos.,  £>.  1863,  1864. 
Clarke,  Stephen  C,  D.  1865. 
Clay,  H.  M.,  D.  1870. 
Cleveland,  Grover,  Z>.  1862,  1869. 
Clinton,  De  Witt,  D.  1855. 
Clinton,  G.  D.  W.,  £>.  1859. 
Cobb,  Carlos,  D.  1852,  1853,  1854.  —  K.  P.  1S57. 
Cochrane,  A.  G.  C,  R.  S.  1836,  1838. 
CoiT,  Geo.  Jr.,  £>.  1848,  1849. 
Coleman,  Jno.  H.,  B.  1854. 
Cornwell,  W.  C,  D.  18S5,  i886,  1887. 
Cowing,  E.  H.,  D.  1850. 
Cowing,  H.  O.,  D.  1843. 
Cowing,  Jas.  A.,  £>.  1839. 
Crane,  Thos.,  £>.  1850,  1851,  1852. 
Cutting,  Harmon  S.,  D.  1842,  1852. 


Dani-orth,  F.  L.,  C.  S.  1S71.  —R.  E.  C.  18S6,  1887. 

Davis,  Wm.,  Z>.  1848. 

Davock,  Jno.  W.,  D.  1841,  V.  P.  1842. 

Daw,  a.  D.,  R.  S.   1855.  — X).  1856,  i860,  1861.—  y.  P. 

1857,  1859,  1866. 
Dawley,  Job  S.,  D.   1872. 
Day,  David  F.,  R.  S.  1853.— C.  S.  1856.—  /).  1857,  1859. 

—P.  i860. 
Dei.ong,  Jas.,  D.   1839. 

Demarest,  Jas.,  £>.  1855,  1856,  1862. —  C  S.  1858. 
Dobbins,  David,  D.  i860. 
Dobbins,  Jno.  R.,  £>.  1873. 
Dorr,  G.  P.,  Z>.  1874. 

DORSIIEIMER,  \Vm.,   C.   S.   i860. 

Doughty,  N.  W.,  £>.  1844,  1845. 

Doyle,  Peter  C,  C.  S.,  1869. 

Doyle,  Wm.  L.,  Z>.  1863,  1864.  — Vf.  5.  1865. 

Dudley,  Thos.  J.  Jr.,  D.  1847. 

Dunbar,  G.  H.,  7".  1872. 

Dunbar,  J.  J.,  Z>.  1867.—  F.  T*.  1871. 

Edmunds,  Thos.,  D.  1851. 
Ellas,  F.  S.,  Z>.  1843. 
Emerson,  C.  I^.,  £>.  1842. 
Ensign,  Chas.,  £>.  1863,  1864. 
Evans,  C.  W.,  Z>.  1850.—  F.  />.  1851. 


Evans,  E.  T.,  D.  1864,  1870.—  F.  P.  1867.  —  /'.  1868. 

—  y?.  £.  C.  1880. 
Evans,  Ellicot,  Z".  1856. 
Evans,  J.  C,  Z>.  1838,  1839. 

Evans,  L.  M.,  A'.  S.  1866.  —£>.  1868.  —  F.  P.  1871. 
Ewers,  Talmadge,  Z>.  1861. 

Fairchild,  J.  L.,  V.  P.  1863,  1864.  —  C.  S.  1866. 
Farr,    Rinaldo,   £>.    1841.  —  ./?.    5.    1843.-7'.    1844, 

1845,  1846. 
Felton,  Jno.,  D.  1866. 
Fillmore,  Millard,  D.  1854. 
Fish,  S.  H.,  D.  1853,  1854. 
FisKE,  Chas.,  R.  S.,  1873. 
FisKE,  F.  W.,  £>.  1858.—  V.  P.  1875. 
Fitch,  A.  B.,  D.    1859,   i860. —  A'.   S.  1862.  —  F.  />. 

1863,  1864. 
Flaherty,  Jeremiah,  D.  1843. 

Fleming,  Wm.,  £>.  1856,  1S57.  —  F.  P.  1858.  — P.  1859. 
Fobes,   Wm.   D.,  D.  1845,  1855. —A.  .S.  1846,  1847.— 

V.  P.  1848,  1849. 
FoLGER,  E.  F.,  £>.  1851,  1852.  —  r.  1853,  1854. 
Folsom,  Oscar,  C.  S.  1865.—  K.  P.  1S68.  — /".  1872. 
Ford,  Rensselaer,  D.,  D.  1871. 
Fox,  B.  F.,  £>.  1852. 

Fox,  Watson  A.,  Z>.  1845.  —  V.  P.  1846. 
Foy,  Robert  D.,  P).  1844. 
French,  H.  C,  i».  1876,  1883,  1884,  1885.  —>?.  5.  1S77. 

Gates,  D.  F.,  D.  1863,  1864. 

Gardner,  E.  G.,  D.  1859. 

Gaylord,  H.  M.,  D.  1859. 

Gibson,  Jas.  C,  D.  1848. 

Gluck,  Jas.  Eraser,  C.  18S5,  1886,  1S87. 

Gold,  Chas.  R.,  /J.  1842. 

Goodyear,  C.  W.,  P>.  1880,  1882.—  K.  /*.  1881. 

Gorham,  Geo.,  £>.  1881.—  V.  P.  18S2,  1S83.  — A'.  A'.  C. 

1884,  1885,  1886. 
Graves,  Jno.  C,  Z>.  1880,  1881,  1882. 
Gray,   David,   P>.    1862,    1869.  —  C  S.  1863,    1864.— 

r.  P.  1871.  —  C.  1877,  1878. 
Gray,  E.  P.,  £>.  1856. 
Greene,  Jno.  B.,  D.  1873,  1874.-/1'.  S.  1875.—  K.  P. 

1876.  —  C.  1877. 
Greene,  Wm.  H.,  D.  1841,  1843. 
Guenther,  Jno.  G.,  P>.  1850,  1851,  1854.—  V.  P.  1852, 

1855.—/'.  1856. 
Guenther,  N.  J.  R.,  D.  1859. 
Gurney,  Wm.  H.,  £>.  1875.  —  C.  6'.  1876.  —  F.  P.  1877. 

— /».  1878. 
Guthrie,  S.  S.,  />.  1855. 


Halbert,  N.  a.,  D.  1854. 
Harroun,  G.  R.,  D.  1858. 
Harvey,  Alex.  W.,  D.  1850,  1851,  1852.- 
-P.  1855. 


F.  />.  1853. 


51 


Harvey,  C.  W.,  D.  1840,  1841.—  V.  P.  1843. 
Hawley,   E.  S.,   D.   1873,  1878. —  iP.  S.  1874. —  C.  S. 

1875,  1877.—  V.  P.  1879. 
Hawley,  Elias  %.,R.  S.  1839.1845. — £>.  1840, 1S41, 1847. 
Hawley,  Lucian,  >?.  5.  1844.— C.  S.  1852.— F.  P.  1854. 
Hawley,  Seth  C,  P.  1836. 
Hayes,  Edmund,  P.  K.  C.  1S87. 
Hayes,  Geo.  B.,  R.  S.  1868.— j9.  i86g,  1870,  1883,  1884, 

1885. 
Hayes,  Geo.  E.,  D.  1836.  —  /'.  1S38. 
Hayes,  Jos.  L.  H.,  D.  184S. 
Hayward,  Geo.  W.,  T.   1866. —/).  1868,  1876,1877, 

1878,  1879. —i?.  E.  C.  1872,  1873,  1874. 
Hazard,  E.  E.,  V.  P.  1865,  1869. 
Heco.x,  W.  H.,  V.  P.  1844,  1845. 
Hekford,  R.  R.,  D.  1886. 

Hiubard,  Geo.  B.,  D.  1851. 

Hibbard,  L.  D.,  D.  1844. 

Hill,  J.  F.,  D.  1849. 

Hollister,  F.  M.,  C.  1876,  1S77,  1878,  1880,  1881,  1882, 

18S3,  1884. 
Hollister,  J  as.,  V.  1840. 
Holloway,  Isaac,  D.  1859,  1870. —  V.  P.  i860,   1862, 

1869. 
Holloway,  Jno.  A.,  D.  1872,  1873. 
HoLMAN,  E.  D.,  D.  1857. 
Holt,  H.  N.,  D.  1839. 
Hopkins,  H.  R.,  D.  1S82,  1883,  1884. 
Hopkins,  N.  K.,  D.  1S45.  — C.  S.  1846. 
Howard,  R.  L.,  D.  1846,  1853,  1854,  1855,  1863,  1864, 

1865.—  V.P.  1861.— P.  1862. 
HuBBELL,  Jno.,  D.  1848.  —  F.  P.  1849,  1850. 
Hunt,  Sanford  B.,  V.  P.  i860. 
Hunt,  Simon  B.,  D.  1845. 
Hutchinson,  Jno.  M.,  £>.  1844,  1845,  1850,  1865,  1870. 

—  K.   P.    1S46.  —  P.   iSsi.—P.  B.  C.  1S77,  1S78, 

1879,  iSSi,  1S82. 

Ives,  William,  LibraHan  1852 — 1887. 

Jenkins,  Lewis,  Librarian  1850 — 1852. 

Jewett,  E.  R.,  V.  P.  1845. 

Jewett,  Henry  C,  D.  1862,  1866. 

Jewett,  Jno.  J.  C.  L.,  D.  1865. 

Jewett,  Josiah,  D.  1867,  1868. 

Jewett,  S.  S.,  P.  1865. 

Jones,  H.  R.,  D.  1S71,  1874. 

Joy,  L.  B.,  C.  S.   1859.—  T.   i860. 

Joy,  Walter,  V.  P.  1838. —  Z>.  1S39.  — />.  1840. 


Kean,  Thos.,  D.    1876 

1882,  1883. 
Kennett,  Thos.,  D.   1840,  1844. 
KiBKE,  Geo.  R.,  D.  1837,  1854. 
KiMBERLY,  J.  L.,  Jr.,  D.  1867. 


C.    1878,  1879,  1880,  18S1, 


Lacy,  Jno.  T.,  D.  1838.—  V.  P.  1839,  1841,  1842. 
Lacy,  W.  H.,  D.,  1836. 

Langdon,  G.  p.,  D.  1857,  1859.—  V.  P.  1862,  1867. 
Larned,  J.  N.,  D.  1872,  li.Ti.—Superint'd't  1877  — 1887. 
Laverack,  Geo.  E.,  D.  1872,  1873,  1876,  18S7.  —  V.P. 

1874,  1875,  1878. 
Laverack,  Wm.,  Jr.,  D.  1S38. 
Laverack,  Wm.  A.,  D.  1866. 
Lee,  John  R.,  T.  1836. 
Lee,  R.  Porter,  D.  1874. 

Lent,  Jas.  M.,  P.  S.  1869. —Z).  1871.—  V.  P.  1872. 
Letchworth,  Wm.  P.,  D.  1858. 
Levake,  W.  S.,  D.  1842. 
Lewis,  Geo.  A.,  P.  S.  1878.  —  /).  1879,  1880. 
Locke,  F.  D.,  Z>.  1873.  —  C.  S.  1874.—/'.  1875. 
LocKwooD,  Daniel  N.,  j9.  1870. 
Lockwood,  Jno.  F.,  D.  1852,  1853,  1854. 
LooMis,  Chas.  T.,  Z).  1872,  1873,  1877. —  C.  S.  1878. 
Loomis,  Thos.,  £>.  1867,  1869.—  V.  P.  1868,  1870. 
Lord,  T.  S.,  V.  1842. 

Lovering,  Chas.  F.,  P.  S.  1S56.  —  Z?.  1857. 
Lyon,  Jas.  S.,  V.  P.  1870. 

McCoLLUM,  L.  W.,  P.  S.  1880. —  C.  S.  1881. 

McDonald,  C.  C.,  Z>.  1872. 

McKay,  Alex.,  D.  1839,  1845. 

McMillan,  D.  H.,  C.  S.  1883.— K.  P.  1S84,  1883,  1886. 

—  D.  1887. 
Mann,  G.  Edward,  D.  1876. 
Marshall,  C.  D.,  D.  1882.  —P.  E.  C.  1887. 
Martin,  Elijah  M.,  D.  1843. 
Martin,  H.  H.,  R.  S.  1858. 
Mathews,  Amos  I.,  Z>.  1850. 
Mathews,  Geo.  B.,  Z).  1881,  1883. 
Merrill,  H.  L.,  P>.  1850. 
MiLBURN,  Jno.  G.,  C.  1879,  1880,  1881,  1882,  1884,  1885, 

1886. 
Millar,  A.  P.,  Z?.  1866. 
Millard,  H.  W.,  D.  1850. 
Miller,  Chas.  G.,  £>.  1851,  1852.—  K  P.  1853. 
Morse,  Chas.  H.,  P.  S.  1859.  — Z).  i860.— C.  S.  1861. 
Movius,  Edward,  £>.  1885,  1886.—  V.  P.  1887. 
Mulligan,  Eugene,  D.  1847.—  F.  P.  1S48. 

Newbould,  F.  W.,  Z?.  1842. 

Newell,  Robert,  D.  1869. 

Newhall,  Daniel,  Z>.  1876,  1879,  1880,  1881. 

Newman,  Geo.  L.,  Z?.  1844,  1845. 

Newman,  Jas.  M.,  £>.  1841,  1S43.  —  A'.  S.  1850.  —  V.  P. 

1851,  1854,  1855,  1858. 
Nichols,  A.  P.,  y.  P.  1843. 
NiMS,  OziAS  L.,  P>.  1868. 
Nolton,  H.  G.,  T.  1870. 
Norton,  Chas.  D.,  C.  S.  1847. —Z'.  1850. 
Norton,  Chas.  P.,  Z5.  1884,  1885,  1886. 
Norton,  Edward,  P.  1839. 


52 


Norton,  Porter,  D.  1S87. 

NoYE,  R.  K.,  D.  1S71,  1874,  1875.  —P.  1879. 

Palmer,  Everard,  D.  1853,  1861,  1S65.—  C.  S.  1854.— 

V.  P.  1855,  1856.—  /'.  1857. 
Palmer,  Harlow,  D.  1845,  1846,  1S47. 
Peabody,  W.  H.,  D.  1S60,  1861. 
Pease,  Jno.,  Jr.,  D.  1S67. 
Penfield,  Jas.  H.,  D.  i860,  1861. 
Peters,  T.  C,  D.  1838.—  V.  P.  1839. 
Pickering,  E.  P.,  T.  1S47. 
Plimpton,  Geo.  D.,  T.  1869. 
Plumb,  Ralph  H.,  D.  18S5,  1SS6.  —  V.  P.  1887. 
Poole,  R.,  D.  1836. 
PooLEY,  Chas.  a.,  D.  1887. 
Powers,  Jno.,  D.  1857. 
Pratt,  P.  P.,  D.  1843. 
Pratt,  S.  F.,  D.  1838,  1839,  1840. 
Putnam,  Geo.  P.,  C.  S.  1S70. 
Putnam,  Jas.  O.,  D.  1846. 
Putnam,  Jno.  S.,  D.  1S42. 

Hamsdell,  Thos.  S.,  D.  1875,  1876,  1880,  18S1.  —  C.  S. 

1879. 
Raymond,  Chas.  H.,  D.  1836,  1838,  1839,  1840,  1841. 
Raynor,  Aug.,  D.  1838. 
Rich,  Ed.  S.,  T.  1861,  1862,  1863,  1864. 
Rich,  G.  Barrett,  T.  1871.  —  V.  P.  1873,  1874,  1875. 

—  i3.  1877. 
Richmond,  Alonzo,  D.  1873. 
Richmond,   Henry  A.,  D.  1862,   1S63,  1S65.—  /'.  P. 

1864.—/'.  1869. 
Richmond,  Jewett  M.,  D.  1SS4. — P.  1SS5,  1886,  18S7. 
Rochester,  Jas.  H.,  T.  1842. 
Rochester,  Nathaniel,  D.  1878,  1879,  1882,  1S83.  — 

C.  S.  1880.— .ff.  .S.  1881. 
Rochester,  Wm.  B.,  Z>.  1852. 
Rogers,  Perry,  P.  P.  S.  1854.  — Z).  1855. 
Rogers,  Sherman  S.,  £>.  1862. 
Rollins,  A.,  B.  1843. 
Root,  A.  R.,  P>.  1858,  1859. 

Rounds,  E.  H.,  P.  S.  1884,  1885,  1886. —  Z>.  1887. 
Rounds,  Geo.  W.,  D.  1852. 
Rumrill,  H.,  £>.  1846. 
Rumsey,  B.  C.,  P>.  1849,  1862.  —  T.  1850,  1851,  1852.  — 

P.  1853. 
Rumsey,  D.  P.,  V.  P.  1865,  1867. 
Russell,  Robert,  P.  S.  1857. 
Russell,  Wing.,  D.  1838. 

Sage,  H.  H.,  D.  1855.  1S56. 

Salisbury,   Guy   H.,  £>.   1842,  1843.  —  /".   S.  1848.— 

C.  S.  1849.  —  V.  P.  1850. 
Sargeant,  Phineas,  Librarian  1839 — 1850. 
Sawyer,  Jas.  D.,  D.  1853,  1854,  1855,  1858. 
Sears,  F.  A.,  D.  1856,  i86t.—  T.  1858.—  /■.  P.  1S60. 


Seymour,  H.  S.,  D.  1S41. 

Shattuck,  Chas.  T.,  D.  1844. 

Sheldon,  Jas.,  D.  1844,  1845.  —  V.  P.  1846.—/".  1848. 

Sherman,  Isaac,  D.  1846,  1S49. 

Sherw'ood,  Albert,  P.  1866. 

Shiels,  Thos.,  D.  1858. 

Sicard,  Geo.  J.,  C.  1883,  1S84,  18S5. 

SiDWAY,  Frank,  D.  1S65. 

Simons,  Seward  A.,  D.  1885,  1886,  1887. 

Simpson,  C.  D.,  D.  1875. 

SiRRET,  Wm.  B.,  D.  1871,  1S72.—  V.  P.  1873. 

SizER,  Thos.  J.,  P.  S.  1840,  1841,  1842. 

Smith,  Edward  B.,  £>.  1865,  1S66.—P.  1883,  1884.— 

P.  E.  C.  1SS5,  18S6. 
Smith,  Edwin,  T.  1843. 
Smith,  H.  K.,  D.  1S36. 
Smith,  Jas.  M.,  C.  S.  1843.—  V.  P.  1S44.  —  A'.  E.  C. 

1872. 
Smith,  Junius  S.,  D.  1861. 
Smith,  Wm.  L.  G.,  C.  S.  1840.—/'.  1842. 
Snow,  Frank  M.,  D.  1856.  —  r.  1857.— K.  P.  1858, 

1859. 
Spencer,  Ray  T.,  R.  S.  1871.— Z).  1S72,  1873. 
Sprague,  E.  Carlton,  D.  1847.  —  V.  P.  1849,  1S52.  — 

P.  1876. 
Sprague,  Henry  S.,  D.  1877,  1879,  1880,  i88i,  1883.— 

V.  P.  1878,  1882.—  C.  S.  1884. 
Sprague,  Henry  Ware,  D.  1886,  18S7. 
Starr,  Geo.  W.,  D.  1850. 
Steele,  O.  G.,  D.  1836.— f'.  P.  1S38.— /?.  E.   C.  1872, 

1873,  1874,  1875,  1876. 
Steele,   O.   G.,Jr.,   D.    1867,  1S68. 
Sterling,  A.  S.,  D.  1842,  1844. 
Stevens,  Edward,  V.  P.  1861. 
Stevens,  Milo,  D.  1858. 
Stevens,  F.  P.,  C.  S.  1S36. 
Stevenson,  E.  L.,  P.  E.  C.  1876,  1877,  1S78,  1879,  18S0, 

1881. 
Stocking,  Thos.  R.,  £>.  1838.—  K.  P.  1839,  1840. 
Storrs,  O.  S.,  p.  S.  1S72.—  V.  P.  1873. 
Stringham,  H.  T.,  r.  1848,  1849. 
Swan,  E.  A.,  £>.  1857. 
Sweeney,  Jas.,  E>.  1867. 
Sweet,  Chas.  A.,  Z>.  iSyi.—  F.  P.  1872,  1874.  —  /'. 

iSSi.  —  P.  E.  C.  1882,  1883,  1884. 
Sweet,  Wm.  C,  D.  1S58.  —  T.  1859.  —  ;'.  P.  1861,  1862. 


Taber,  Wm.  D.,  V.  1847.—  K.  P.  1S48. 
Taylor,  Martin,  Z).  1868,  1870,  1872. 
Teller,  Geo.  R.,  D.  1881,  1882,  1883. 
Thompson,  Wm.  A.,  V.  P.  1841. 
Townsend,  E.  Corning,  B.  1887. 
Townsend,  Geo.  W.,  P.  S.  i860.  —  i?.  1866. 
Treat,  Wm.,  P.  S.  1849. 
Trowbridge,  J.  S.,  £>.  1848. 
Truscott,  Geo.,  P.  1S67. 


53 


Uti.ky,  Horace,  D.  1849. 

Van  Deventer,  J.  T.,  D.  1S55.—  V.  P.  1856. 
ViELE,  H.  K.,  C.  S.  1839.—  V.P.  1840,  1841. 
ViELE,  Sheldon  T.,  C.  1886,  18S7. 
VOUGHT,  JNO.  H.,   V.  P.  186S. 

Wadsworth,  Chas.  F.,  V.  P.  1S65,  1866.  —  /'.  1S70. 

Wadsworth,  Jas.,  D.  1853. 

Walbridge,  C.  E.,  D.  1874,  1875. 

Walbridge,  Geo.  B.,  D.  1838. 

Walbridge,  Wells  D., />.  1847,  1849. —  C.  5'.  1848.— 

V.  P.  1850,  1851.  1852,  1853.—/'.  1854. 
Walker,  Jesse,  C.  S.  1838. 
Walker,  Wm.  H.,  Z>.  1849.  —  V.  P.  1862. 
Ward,  Wm.  R.  L.,  D.  1842. 
Wardwell,  Geo.  S.,  D.  i860,  1861,  186S.—  V.  P.  1869. 

—P.  1871.— J?.  E.  C.  1873,  1874,  1875. 
Wardwell,  Wm.   T.,  Z>.   1853,   1857,  1862.  —  7".  1854, 

1S56.— />.  1858. 
Warren,  Jos.,  D.  1858,  1864. —P.  1861. 
Warren,  O.  G.,  C.  S.  1S73.— X).  1874,  1875,  1S77,  1S78. 

—  V.  P.  1876,  1879. 
Washburn,  Marcellinus,  D.  i860. 
Watson,  H.  M.,  D.  1884,  1885,  1886. 
Watson,  S.  V.  R.,  P.  1863,  1864. 
Webster,  Geo.  C,  D.  1847. 


Welch,  Samuel  M.,  D.  1869. 

Welch,  Samuel  M.,  Jr.,  D.  1872,  1876,  1878,  1879. — 

V.  P.  iSSo. 
Welch,  Thos.  C,  C.  S.  1843,  1845.—/'.  1847. 
Wheeler,  Chas.   B.,  C.  S.  1882,  1886,   1887.— K.  P. 

1883,  1884. —  Z>.  1885. 
White,  H.  G.,  D.  1848. 
White,  Wm.  L.,  D.  1874,  1875. 
WiLco.\,  Chas.  H.,  D.  1846,  1849. 
WiLKESoN,  Samuel,  Jr.,  V.  P.  1842. 
Williams,  Chas.  H.,  Z>.  1866. 
Williams,  F.  F.,  K.  S.  1887. 
Williams,  Geo.  L.,  Z>.  1876,  1877. 
Williams,  Gibson  T.,  F.  P.  1844,  1845. —  -O.  1863,  1864. 
Williams,  H.  R.,  D.  1836. 
Williams,  Jno.  h., /i.  S.  1867.-2).  1870,  1875.—  T. 

1876,  1878,  18S0,  1881,  1882,  1883,  1884,  1885,  1S86, 

1887. 
Wilson,  Robert  P.,  £>.  1871,  1874, 1875. —  V.P.  1872. — 

P.  1877.— A".  £.  C.  1878, 1879,  1880, 1881,  1882,  1883. 
Wing,  H.  R.,  £>.  1836. 
Winne,  Chas.,  V.  P.  1836. 
Woodruff,  L.  C,  D.  1869. 
Wright,  A.  J.,  P.  S.  1882.  — />.  1883,  1884. 
Wright,  Thos.  H.,  B.  1844. 

Young,  Chas.  E.,  r.  P.  iSsg.—D.  1861. 


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